This book provides current research on computer vision and simulation. Chapter One studies and compares the representation capability of several different layers in convolutional neural network (CNN) showing that they contain more accurate information about the face image than to believe. Chapter Two finds, empirically, the best methods for describing a given texture using an ensemble to harness the discriminative power of different texture approaches. Chapter Three provides a computer study of the interaction of mercury with graphene. Chapter Four discusses the influence of yttrium(III) ion on calcium(II) and zinc(II) biospeciation in human blood plasma by computer simulation. Chapter Five reviews the simualation of diffraction gratings in the Fresnel diffraction regime using the ab-initio iterative Fresnel Integral Method (IFIM). Chapter Six introduces an example of a simple visual feedback control system of a mobile robot with an axis-symmetric shape for mechatronics education.

Abstract Biological vision is a rather fascinating domain of research. Scientists of various origins like biology, medicine, neurophysiology, engineering, math ematics, etc. aim to understand the processes leading to visual perception process and at reproducing such systems. Understanding the environment is most of the time done through visual perception which appears to be one of the most fundamental sensory abilities in humans and therefore a significant amount of research effort has been dedicated towards modelling and repro ducing human visual abilities. Mathematical methods play a central role in this endeavour. Introduction David Marr's theory v^as a pioneering step tov^ards understanding visual percep tion. In his view human vision was based on a complete surface reconstruction of the environment that was then used to address visual subtasks. This approach was proven to be insufficient by neuro-biologists and complementary ideas from statistical pattern recognition and artificial intelligence were introduced to bet ter address the visual perception problem. In this framework visual perception is represented by a set of actions and rules connecting these actions. The emerg ing concept of active vision consists of a selective visual perception paradigm that is basically equivalent to recovering from the environment the minimal piece information required to address a particular task of interest.

[FIRST EDITION] This accessible textbook presents an introduction to computer vision algorithms for industrially-relevant applications of X-ray testing. Features: introduces the mathematical background for monocular and multiple view geometry; describes the main techniques for image processing used in X-ray testing; presents a range of different representations for X-ray images, explaining how these enable new features to be extracted from the original image; examines a range of known X-ray image classifiers and classification strategies; discusses some basic concepts for the simulation of X-ray images and presents simple geometric and imaging models that can be used in the simulation; reviews a variety of applications for X-ray testing, from industrial inspection and baggage screening to the quality control of natural products; provides supporting material at an associated website, including a database of X-ray images and a Matlab toolbox for use with the book’s many examples.

Markov random field (MRF) theory provides a basis for modeling contextual constraints in visual processing and interpretation. It enables us to develop optimal vision algorithms systematically when used with optimization principles. This book presents a comprehensive study on the use of MRFs for solving computer vision problems. Various vision models are presented in a unified framework, including image restoration and reconstruction, edge and region segmentation, texture, stereo and motion, object matching and recognition, and pose estimation. This third edition includes the most recent advances and has new and expanded sections on topics such as: Bayesian Network; Discriminative Random Fields; Strong Random Fields; Spatial-Temporal Models; Learning MRF for Classification. This book is an excellent reference for researchers working in computer vision, image processing, statistical pattern recognition and applications of MRFs. It is also suitable as a text for advanced courses in these areas.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Simulation and Synthesis in Medical Imaging, SASHIMI 2021, held in conjunction with MICCAI 2021, in Strasbourg, France, in September 2021.* The 14 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 18 submissions. The contributions span the following broad categories in alignment with the initial call-for-papers: methods based on generative models or adversarial learning for MRI/CT/ microscopy image synthesis, and several applications of image synthesis and simulation for data augmentation, image enhancement, or segmentation. *The workshop was held virtually.

This book contains the written contributions to the program of the First In ternational Conference on Computer Vision, Virtual Reality, and Robotics in Medicine (CVRMed'95) held in Nice during the period April 3-6, 1995. The articles are regrouped into a number of thematic sessions which cover the three major topics of the field: medical image understanding, registration problems in medicine, and therapy planning, simulation and control. The objective of the conference is not only to present the most innovative and promising research work but also to highlight research trends and to foster dialogues and debates among participants. This event was decided after a preliminary successful symposium organized in Stanford in March 1994 by E. Grimson (MIT), T. Kanade (CMU), R. Kikinis and W. Wells (Chair) (both at Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital), and myself (INRIA). We received 92 submitted full papers, and each one was evaluated by at least three members of the Program Committee, with the help of auxiliary reviewers. Based on these evaluations, a representative subset of the Program Committee met to select 19 long papers, 29 regular papers, and 27 posters. The geographical repartition of the contributions is the following: 24 from European countries (other than France), 23 contributions from France, 20 from Northern America (USA and Canada), and 8 from Asia (Japan and Singapore).