With the advent of computational intelligence-based approaches, such as bio-inspired techniques, and the availability of clinical data from various complex experiments, medical consultants, researchers, neurologists, and oncologists, there is huge scope for CI-based applications in medical oncology and neurological disorders. This book focuses on interdisciplinary research in this field, bringing together medical practitioners dealing with neurological disorders and medical oncology along with CI investigators. The book collects high-quality original contributions, containing the latest developments or applications of practical use and value, presenting interdisciplinary research and review articles in the field of intelligent systems for computational oncology and neurological disorders. Drawing from work across computer science, physics, mathematics, medical science, psychology, cognitive science, oncology, and neurobiology among others, it combines theoretical, applied, computational, experimental, and clinical research. It will be of great interest to any neurology or oncology researchers focused on computational approaches.

This book encapsulates recent applications of CI methods in the field of computational oncology, especially cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and its optimized therapeutics. The cancer has been known as a heterogeneous disease categorized in several different subtypes. According to WHO’s recent report, cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for over 10 million deaths in the year 2020. Therefore, its early diagnosis, prognosis, and classification to a subtype have become necessary as it facilitates the subsequent clinical management and therapeutics plan. Computational intelligence (CI) methods, including artificial neural networks (ANNs), fuzzy logic, evolutionary computations, various machine learning and deep learning, and nature-inspired algorithms, have been widely utilized in various aspects of oncology research, viz. diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutics, and optimized clinical management. Appreciable progress has been made toward the understanding the hallmarks of cancer development, progression, and its effective therapeutics. However, notwithstanding the extrinsic and intrinsic factors which lead to drastic increment in incidence cases, the detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics remain an apex challenge for the medical fraternity. With the advent in CI-based approaches, including nature-inspired techniques, and availability of clinical data from various high-throughput experiments, medical consultants, researchers, and oncologists have seen a hope to devise and employ CI in various aspects of oncology. The main aim of the book is to occupy state-of-the-art applications of CI methods which have been derived from core computer sciences to back medical oncology. This edited book covers artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic and fuzzy inference systems, evolutionary algorithms, various nature-inspired algorithms, and hybrid intelligent systems which are widely appreciated for the diagnosis, prognosis, and optimization of therapeutics of various cancers. Besides, this book also covers multi-omics exploration, gene expression analysis, gene signature identification of cancers, genomic characterization of tumors, anti-cancer drug design and discovery, drug response prediction by means of CI, and applications of IoT, IoMT, and blockchain technology in cancer research.

Augmenting Neurological Disorder Prediction and Rehabilitation Using Artificial Intelligence focuses on how the neurosciences can benefit from advances in AI, especially in areas such as medical image analysis for the improved diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, early detection of acute neurologic events, prediction of stroke, medical image segmentation for quantitative evaluation of neuroanatomy and vasculature, diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease, autism spectrum disorder, and other key neurological disorders. Chapters also focus on how AI can help in predicting stroke recovery, and the use of Machine Learning and AI in personalizing stroke rehabilitation therapy. Other sections delve into Epilepsy and the use of Machine Learning techniques to detect epileptogenic lesions on MRIs and how to understand neural networks. - Provides readers with an understanding on the key applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning in the diagnosis and treatment of the most important neurological disorders - Integrates recent advancements of artificial intelligence and machine learning to the evaluation of large amounts of clinical data for the early detection of disorders such as Alzheimer's Disease, autism spectrum disorder, Multiple Sclerosis, headache disorder, Epilepsy, and stroke - Provides readers with illustrative examples of how artificial intelligence can be applied to outcome prediction, neurorehabilitation and clinical exams, including a wide range of case studies in predicting and classifying neurological disorders

Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Practice: How AI Technologies Impact Medical Research and Clinics compiles current research on Artificial Intelligence within medical subspecialties, helping practitioners with diagnosis, clinical decision-making, disease prediction, prevention, and the facilitation of precision medicine. The book defines the basic concepts of big data and AI in medicine and highlights current applications, challenges, ethical issues, and biases. Each chapter discusses AI applied to a specific medical subspecialty, including primary care, preventive medicine, general internal medicine, radiology, pathology, infectious disease, gastroenterology, cardiology, hematology, oncology, dermatology, ophthalmology, mental health, neurology, pulmonary, critical care, rheumatology, surgery, and OB-GYN. This is a valuable resource for clinicians, students, researchers and members of medical and biomedical fields who are interested in learning more about artificial intelligence technologies and their applications in medicine. Provides the history and overview of the various modalities of AI and their applications within each field of medicine Discusses current AI-based medical research, including landmark trials within each field of medicine Addresses the current knowledge gaps that clinicians commonly face that prevent the application of AI-based research to clinical practice Encompasses examples of specific cases and discusses challenges and biases associated with AI

There exists a profound conflict at the heart of oncology drug development. The efficiency of the drug development process is falling, leading to higher costs per approved drug, at the same time personalised medicine is limiting the target market of each new medicine. Even as the global economic burden of cancer increases, the current paradigm in drug development is unsustainable. In this book, we discuss the development of techniques in machine learning for improving the efficiency of oncology drug development and delivering cost-effective precision treatment. We consider how to structure data for drug repurposing and target identification, how to improve clinical trials and how patients may view artificial intelligence.

Artificial Intelligence for Neurological Disorders provides a comprehensive resource of state-of-the-art approaches for AI, big data analytics and machine learning-based neurological research. The book discusses many machine learning techniques to detect neurological diseases at the cellular level, as well as other applications such as image segmentation, classification and image indexing, neural networks and image processing methods. Chapters include AI techniques for the early detection of neurological disease and deep learning applications using brain imaging methods like EEG, MEG, fMRI, fNIRS and PET for seizure prediction or neuromuscular rehabilitation. The goal of this book is to provide readers with broad coverage of these methods to encourage an even wider adoption of AI, Machine Learning and Big Data Analytics for problem-solving and stimulating neurological research and therapy advances. - Discusses various AI and ML methods to apply for neurological research - Explores Deep Learning techniques for brain MRI images - Covers AI techniques for the early detection of neurological diseases and seizure prediction - Examines cognitive therapies using AI and Deep Learning methods