This book explores the strikingly similar ways in which information is encoded in nonverbal man-made signals (e.g., traffic lights and tornado sirens) and animal-evolved signals (e.g., color patterns and vocalizations). The book also considers some coding principles for reducing certain unwanted redundancies and explains how desirable redundancies enhance communication reliability. Jack Hailman believes this work pioneers several aspects of analyzing human and animal communication. The book is the first to survey man-made signals as a class. It is also the first to compare such human-devised systems with signaling in animals by showing the highly similar ways in which the two encode information. A third innovation is generalizing principles of quantitative information theory to apply to a broad range of signaling systems. Finally, another first is distinguishing among types of redundancy and their separation into unwanted and desirable categories. This remarkably novel book will be of interest to a wide readership. Appealing not only to specialists in semiotics, animal behavior, psychology, and allied fields but also to general readers, it serves as an introduction to animal signaling and to an important class of human communication.

A comprehensive guide to exploring software architecture concepts and implementing best practices Key Features Enhance your skills to grow your career as a software architect Design efficient software architectures using patterns and best practices Learn how software architecture relates to an organization as well as software development methodology Book Description The Software Architect’s Handbook is a comprehensive guide to help developers, architects, and senior programmers advance their career in the software architecture domain. This book takes you through all the important concepts, right from design principles to different considerations at various stages of your career in software architecture. The book begins by covering the fundamentals, benefits, and purpose of software architecture. You will discover how software architecture relates to an organization, followed by identifying its significant quality attributes. Once you have covered the basics, you will explore design patterns, best practices, and paradigms for efficient software development. The book discusses which factors you need to consider for performance and security enhancements. You will learn to write documentation for your architectures and make appropriate decisions when considering DevOps. In addition to this, you will explore how to design legacy applications before understanding how to create software architectures that evolve as the market, business requirements, frameworks, tools, and best practices change over time. By the end of this book, you will not only have studied software architecture concepts but also built the soft skills necessary to grow in this field. What you will learn Design software architectures using patterns and best practices Explore the different considerations for designing software architecture Discover what it takes to continuously improve as a software architect Create loosely coupled systems that can support change Understand DevOps and how it affects software architecture Integrate, refactor, and re-architect legacy applications Who this book is for The Software Architect’s Handbook is for you if you are a software architect, chief technical officer (CTO), or senior developer looking to gain a firm grasp of software architecture.

Fault-Tolerant Systems is the first book on fault tolerance design with a systems approach to both hardware and software. No other text on the market takes this approach, nor offers the comprehensive and up-to-date treatment that Koren and Krishna provide. This book incorporates case studies that highlight six different computer systems with fault-tolerance techniques implemented in their design. A complete ancillary package is available to lecturers, including online solutions manual for instructors and PowerPoint slides. Students, designers, and architects of high performance processors will value this comprehensive overview of the field. - The first book on fault tolerance design with a systems approach - Comprehensive coverage of both hardware and software fault tolerance, as well as information and time redundancy - Incorporated case studies highlight six different computer systems with fault-tolerance techniques implemented in their design - Available to lecturers is a complete ancillary package including online solutions manual for instructors and PowerPoint slides

What every software professional should know about security. Designing Secure Software consolidates Loren Kohnfelder’s more than twenty years of experience into a concise, elegant guide to improving the security of technology products. Written for a wide range of software professionals, it emphasizes building security into software design early and involving the entire team in the process. The book begins with a discussion of core concepts like trust, threats, mitigation, secure design patterns, and cryptography. The second part, perhaps this book’s most unique and important contribution to the field, covers the process of designing and reviewing a software design with security considerations in mind. The final section details the most common coding flaws that create vulnerabilities, making copious use of code snippets written in C and Python to illustrate implementation vulnerabilities. You’ll learn how to: • Identify important assets, the attack surface, and the trust boundaries in a system • Evaluate the effectiveness of various threat mitigation candidates • Work with well-known secure coding patterns and libraries • Understand and prevent vulnerabilities like XSS and CSRF, memory flaws, and more • Use security testing to proactively identify vulnerabilities introduced into code • Review a software design for security flaws effectively and without judgment Kohnfelder’s career, spanning decades at Microsoft and Google, introduced numerous software security initiatives, including the co-creation of the STRIDE threat modeling framework used widely today. This book is a modern, pragmatic consolidation of his best practices, insights, and ideas about the future of software.

While geographic redundancy can obviously be a huge benefit for disaster recovery, it is far less obvious what benefit is feasible and likely for more typical non-catastrophic hardware, software, and human failures. Georedundancy and Service Availability provides both a theoretical and practical treatment of the feasible and likely benefits of geographic redundancy for both service availability and service reliability. The text provides network/system planners, IS/IT operations folks, system architects, system engineers, developers, testers, and other industry practitioners with a general discussion about the capital expense/operating expense tradeoff that frames system redundancy and georedundancy.

Failure-Tolerant Computer Design focuses on the use of redundancy theory in improving the reliability of computers. The book first offers information on redundancy theory and limit theorems. Discussions focus on applications in determining the optimum placement of restoring organs; time asymptotes for log failure probability for exponential survival probability; reliability of multiple-function system with paralleled individual units; and basic concepts for making reliable computers out of unreliable parts. The text then examines decision theory in redundant systems and adaptive decision elements. The publication examines the interconnection structure for redundant logic and redundant relay theory. Topics include Moore-Shannon limit theorem; systematic groupings of inputs in single-layer error-correcting interwoven redundant logic; interwoven logic with alternating-layer error correction; and interwoven logic with single-layer error correction. The book also elaborates on transition analyses in reliability theory, including Markov chain theory and probability bounds in Markov chains having many states or inexactly known transition matrices. The manuscript is a vital source of data for engineers and researchers interested in failure-tolerant computer design.

Statistical and mathematical models are defined by parameters that describe different characteristics of those models. Ideally it would be possible to find parameter estimates for every parameter in that model, but, in some cases, this is not possible. For example, two parameters that only ever appear in the model as a product could not be estimated individually; only the product can be estimated. Such a model is said to be parameter redundant, or the parameters are described as non-identifiable. This book explains why parameter redundancy and non-identifiability is a problem and the different methods that can be used for detection, including in a Bayesian context. Key features of this book: Detailed discussion of the problems caused by parameter redundancy and non-identifiability Explanation of the different general methods for detecting parameter redundancy and non-identifiability, including symbolic algebra and numerical methods Chapter on Bayesian identifiability Throughout illustrative examples are used to clearly demonstrate each problem and method. Maple and R code are available for these examples More in-depth focus on the areas of discrete and continuous state-space models and ecological statistics, including methods that have been specifically developed for each of these areas This book is designed to make parameter redundancy and non-identifiability accessible and understandable to a wide audience from masters and PhD students to researchers, from mathematicians and statisticians to practitioners using mathematical or statistical models.