This book provides the most comprehensive, current reference on the synthetic chemistry of cinnolines and phthalazines. Applications to the syntheses of natural products and other chiral compounds are described. Volume 64 contains chapters exploring the following topics: * Primary Syntheses of Cinnolines * Cinnoline, Alklycinnolines, and Arylcinnolines * Halogenocinnolines * Oxycinnolines * Thiocinnolines * Nitro-, Amino-, and Related Cinnolines * Cinnolinecarboxylic Acids and Related Derivatives * Primary Syntheses of Phthalazines * Phthalazine, Alklyphthalazines, and Arylphthalazines * Halogenophthalazines * Oxyphthalazines * Thiophthalazines * Phthalazinecarboxylic Acids and Related Derivatives * An Appendix of Tables of Simple Cinnolines and Simple Phthalazines

This book provides the most comprehensive, current reference on the synthetic chemistry of cinnolines and phthalazines. Applications to the syntheses of natural products and other chiral compounds are described. Volume 64 contains chapters exploring the following topics: * Primary Syntheses of Cinnolines * Cinnoline, Alklycinnolines, and Arylcinnolines * Halogenocinnolines * Oxycinnolines * Thiocinnolines * Nitro-, Amino-, and Related Cinnolines * Cinnolinecarboxylic Acids and Related Derivatives * Primary Syntheses of Phthalazines * Phthalazine, Alklyphthalazines, and Arylphthalazines * Halogenophthalazines * Oxyphthalazines * Thiophthalazines * Phthalazinecarboxylic Acids and Related Derivatives * An Appendix of Tables of Simple Cinnolines and Simple Phthalazines

This book provides the most comprehensive, current reference on the synthetic chemistry of cinnolines and phthalazines. Applications to the syntheses of natural products and other chiral compounds are described. Volume 64 contains chapters exploring the following topics: * Primary Syntheses of Cinnolines * Cinnoline, Alklycinnolines, and Arylcinnolines * Halogenocinnolines * Oxycinnolines * Thiocinnolines * Nitro-, Amino-, and Related Cinnolines * Cinnolinecarboxylic Acids and Related Derivatives * Primary Syntheses of Phthalazines * Phthalazine, Alklyphthalazines, and Arylphthalazines * Halogenophthalazines * Oxyphthalazines * Thiophthalazines * Phthalazinecarboxylic Acids and Related Derivatives * An Appendix of Tables of Simple Cinnolines and Simple Phthalazines

This volume in the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds series presents a comprehensive review of the quinoxaline literature from 1975 to the present (2002), updating Volumes 5 and 35. It provides an alphabetical table of known simple quinoxalines, including new compounds discussed in this volume and their physical data, as well as the pyrazines from the original volumes. Biological activities, spectral or other physical studies, and other such materials appear at appropriate points in the text. The in-depth coverage includes synthesis, reactions, spectroscopic, and physical properties for each class of compounds. Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, Volume 61: Supplement II provides the most up-to-date summation of knowledge of the synthetic chemistry of quinoxalines.

This is the second volume of a first-of-its-kind four-volume book set that provides readers with up-to-date information on α-amino acids, the potential challenges in working with α-amino acids, the protecting groups for the carboxyl, amino and side chain groups of the amino acids, and the most popular heterocyclic compounds that are originating from alpha-amino acids. These heterocyclic compounds include hydantoins, thiohydantoins (including 2-thiohydantoins, 4-thiohydantoins, 2,4-dithiohydantoins), 2,5-diketopiperazines, N-carboxyanhydrides, N-thiocarboxyanhydrides, sydnones, sydnonimines, azlactones, pseudoazlactones, and oxazolidin-5-ones. This is the first resource to comprehensively collect all the heterocycles that can be directly prepared from α-amino acids. In addition, almost all kinds of synthetic methods for a particular type of heterocycles from alpha-amino acids are included, along with the detailed mechanistic discussions and experimental procedures. In Volume 2: Hydantoins, Thiohydantoins, and 2,5-Diketopiperazines compiles the three IUPAC accepted nomenclature systems for heterocyclic compounds, which will be very useful for readers working in the heterocyclic chemistry field for giving synthesized molecules their correct names. In addition, three groups of heterocyclic compounds, i.e., hydantoins, thiohydantoins (including 2-thiohydantoin, 4-thiohydantoin and 2,4-dithiohydantoin), and 2,5-diketopiperazines, have been organized with updated literature information. Particularly, all three groups of heterocyclic compounds have demonstrated many important biological activities, particularly anticancer and antibacterial activities. On the other hand, these three groups of heterocycles can be applied as substrates to make other chemical derivatives, particularly novel unnatural amino acids. All their reactivities have been compiled and updated. The other volumes include: Volume 1: Protecting Groups Volume 3: N-Carboxyanhydrides, N-Thiocarboxyanhydrides, and Sydnones Volume 4: Azlactones and Oxazolidin-5-ones All together, this unique 4-volume set thoroughly covers the two types of heterocyclic compounds that are originated from alpha-amino acids, providing carefully compiled updated information with detailed examples. The author has shared many thoughtful insights based on his strong background in physical organic chemistry. The volumes will be highly valuable for graduate students and senior students, as well as for professors and researchers working in the field of medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry, organic chemistry, organic synthesis, heterocycles, and proteins and peptides.

The Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, since its inception, has been recognized as a cornerstone of heterocyclic chemistry. Each volume attempts to discuss all aspects – properties, synthesis, reactions, physiological and industrial significance – of a specific ring system. To keep the series up-to-date, supplementary volumes covering the recent literature on each individual ring system have been published. Many ring systems (such as pyridines and oxazoles) are treated in distinct books, each consisting of separate volumes or parts dealing with different individual topics. With all authors are recognized authorities, the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Chemistry is considered worldwide as the indispensable resource for organic, bioorganic, and medicinal chemists.