At today's hearing, we will be exploring the concepts of sovereignty that are advanced by the Chinese government. In some circumstances, these concepts are at odds with interpretations of international law as understood by the United States and they also play a role in conflicting territorial claims between China and some its neighbors in Asia. Furthermore, the continuing advances in outer space exploration and use and in use of cyberspace raise questions regarding how sovereignty is defined in these critical realms of economic and information exchange and what are the rights of lawful international access. We hope that this hearing will add to the public dialogue on these issues, which I am confident will assume ever greater importance in the months and years ahead.

This report responds to the mandate for the Committee ¿to monitor, investigate, and report on the national security implications of the bilateral trade and economic relationship between the U.S. and the People¿s Republic of China.¿ Includes detailed treatment of investigations of the following areas: proliferation practices; economic transfers; energy; U.S. capital markets; regional economic and security impacts; U.S.-China bilateral programs; World Trade Organization compliance; and freedom of expression. The Committee conducted its work through a comprehensive set of 9 public hearings, taking testimony from over 92 witnesses from Congress, the executive branch, industry, academia, policy groups, and other experts. Ill.

This book provides a comprehensive history of the emergence and the formation of the concept of sovereignty in China from the year 1840 to the present. It contributes to broadening the history of modern China by looking at the way the notion of sovereignty was gradually articulated by key Chinese intellectuals, diplomats and political figures in the unfolding of the history of international law in China, rehabilitates Chinese agency, and shows how China challenged Western Eurocentric assumptions about the progress of international law. It puts the history of international law in a global perspective, interrogating the widely-held belief of international law as universal order and exploring the ways in which its history is closely anchored to a European experience that fails to take into account how the encounter with other non-European realities has influenced its formation.