The XIXth International Symposium of the European Group of Pediatric Work Physiology was held in Moretonhampstead, UK in September 1997 drawing together academic and medical experts from 26 countries under the theme of promoting health and well-being. This book contains the full text of the 11 keynote contributions, 4 papers from a mini-symposium on cardiac risk factors in children and 59 of the free communications. These have been arranged under 6 headings: Lifestyle, Health and Well-Being; Physical Activity Patterns; Aerobic Performance; Anaerobic Performance and Muscular strength; Cardiovascular Function in Health and disease; and Sport and Physical Education. Offering comprehensive reviews of key topics and reports of current research in paediatric health and exercise science, this volume will prove a valuable text for health professionals, researchers and students with an interest in aspects of paediatric exercise, sports medicine and physical education.

In the second half of the nineteenth century, state and municipal governments oversaw the explosive growth of public parks, squares, and gardens throughout the city of Paris. In Planning the Greenspaces of Nineteenth-Century Paris, Richard S. Hopkins skillfully weaves together social and cultural history to argue that the expansion of these greenspaces served as more than simple urban embellishment. Rather, they provided an essential component of the Second Empire's efforts to transform and revitalize France's capital city, and their development continued well into the Third Republic. Hopkins brings a new dimension to the study of nineteenth-century Parisian urbanism by considering the parks and squares of Paris from multiple perspectives: the reformers who advocated for them, the planners who constructed them, the workers who maintained them, and the neighborhood residents who used them. As public areas over which private citizens felt a high degree of ownership, these spaces offered a unique opportunity for collaboration between city officials and residents. Hopkins examines the national and municipal goals for the greenspaces, their intended contributions to public health, and the roles of park service employees and neighborhood groups in their ongoing centrality to Parisian life. Hopkins's study moves deftly from the aspirations of the political authorities to the ways in which new public spaces contributed to community-building and neighborhood identity. Drawing on extensive archival research, he depicts a greenspace design and development process that illustrates the dynamic relationship between citizens and city.