3. 1 Techniques of Comminution 35 3. 2 Solid-Solid Reactions 42 3. 2. 1 Mixing and Calcination 42 3. 2. 2 Modem Techniques 45 3. 3 Solution Techniques 46 3. 3. 1 Precipitation and Co-precipitation 46 Forced Hydrolysis 3. 3. 2 49 3. 3. 3 Hydrotbennal Synthesis 51 The Sol-Gel Process 3. 3. 4 53 3. 3. 5 Hydrolysis of Metal-Organics 56 The Emulsion Process 3. 3. 6 56 Solvent Vaporization 3. 4 59 3. 4. 1 Simple Evaporation 59 3. 4. 2 Spray Drying 60 3. 4. 3 Spray Pyrolysis 64 3. 4. 4 Freeze Drying 66 3. 5 Vapour-Phase Techniques 68 3. 5. 1 Vaporization-Condensation 68 3. 5. 2 Vapour-Vapour Reaction 68 3. 5. 3 Vapour-Liquid Reaction 70 3. 5. 4 Vapour-Solid Reaction 71 3. 6 Precursor Decomposition 72 3. 6. 1 Salt Decomposition 72 3. 6. 2 Polymer Pyrolysis 73 4. Synthetic Powders : Options in Preparation 75 4. 0 Introduction 75 4. 1 Single and Multiple Oxide Powders 75 4. 1. 1 Aluminium Oxide 75 4. 1. 2 Zirconium Oxide 85 4. 1. 3 Titanium Oxide 96 4. 1. 4 Magnesium Oxide 99 4. 1. 5 Silicon Dioxide 101 4. 1. 6 Rare Earth Oxides 105 Yttrium Oxide 105 Cerium Oxide 106 4. 1. 7 Zinc Oxide 107 [vi] 4. 1. 8 Mullite 110 4. 1. 9 Magnesium Aluminate Spinel 114 4. 1.

本书内容强调纳米材料的合成,详细介绍了常用的化学和物理纳米合成方法的原理和基本程序,并介绍了各种方法的最新进展和参考文献

Handbook of Ceramics Grinding and Polishing meets the growing need in manufacturing industries for a clear understanding of the latest techniques in ceramics processing. The properties of ceramics make them very useful as components—they withstand high temperatures and are durable, resistant to wear, chemical degradation, and light. In recent years the use of ceramics has been expanding, with applications in most industry sectors that use machined parts, especially where corrosion-resistance is required, and in high temperature environments. However, they are challenging to produce and their use in high-precision manufacturing often requires adjustments to be made at the micro and nano scale. This book helps ceramics component producers to do cost-effective, highly precise machining. It provides a thorough grounding in the fundamentals of ceramics—their properties and characteristics—and of the abrasive processes used to manipulate their final shape as well as the test procedures vital for success. The second edition has been updated throughout, with the latest developments in technologies, techniques, and materials. The practical nature of the book has also been enhanced; numerous case studies illustrating how manufacturing (machining) problems have been handled are complemented by a highly practical new chapter on the selection and efficient use of machine tools. Provides readers with experience-based insights into complex and expensive processes, leading to improved quality control, lower failure rates, and cost savings Covers the fundamentals of ceramics side-by-side with processing issues and machinery selection, making this book an invaluable guide for downstream sectors evaluating the use of ceramics, as well as those involved in the manufacturing of structural ceramics Numerous case studies from a wide range of applications (automotive, aerospace, electronics, medical devices)

Focusing on the machining of ceramic materials such as silicon nitride, silicon carbide, and zirconia, this handbook meets the growing need in industry for a clear understanding of modern improvements in ceramic processing. The presentation is international in scope, with techniques and information represented from the USA, Japan, Germany, and the United Kingdomùcountries that have made important contributions to the field. The 20 expert chapter authors explore the challenge of reducing the costs of machining operations, a continuing problem in an industry where ceramic parts must be machined into final form to achieve a proper fit. The handbook reveals that the abrasive machining of ceramic materials will always be a requirement because of the difficulty of controlling parts dimensions at the high temperatures required in their creation. The contributors then explain the properties and characteristics of ceramics, the various types of abrasive processes, and typical tests used in the procedures. An entire section of the handbook concerns grinding tools, their conditioning, lubrication, and cooling, checking for wear on the tools, and using them efficiently. The book also examines modern honing and superfinishing tools and machines, and describes advances in the technology, as well as lapping and polishing techniques using chemical compounds and ultrasound.Ceramics is a field where more advanced products are sure to appear. Many of the products will require advanced, better-controlled processing technologies; vastly improved productivity in manufacturing; and increased product reliability. The contributors to this Handbook will assist readers in the attainment of these important goals.

Since Dr. Disiich of Germany prepared a glass lens by the sol-gel method around 1970, sol-gel science and technology has continued to develop. Since then this field has seen remarkable technical developments as well as a broadening of the applications of sol-gel science and technology. There is a growing need for a comprehensive reference that treats both the fundamentals and the applications, and this is the aim of "Handbook of Sol-Gel Science and Technology."The primary purpose of sol-gel science and technology is to produce materials, active and non-active including optical, electronic, chemical, sensor, bio- and structural materials. This means that sol-gel science and technology is related to all kinds of manufacturing industries. Thus Volume 1, "Sol-Gel Processing," is devoted to general aspects of processing. Newly developed materials such as organic-inorganic hybrids, photonic crystals, ferroelectric coatings, photocatalysts will be covered. Topics in this volume include: Volume 2, "Characterization of Sol-Gel Materials and Products, "highlights the important fact that useful materials are only produced when characterization is tied to processing. Furthermore, characterization is essential to the understanding of nanostructured materials, and sol-gel technology is a most important technology in this new field. Since nanomaterials display their functional property based on their nano- and micro-structure, "characterization" is very important. Topics found in Volume 2 include: Sol-gel technology is a versatile technology, making it possible to produce a wide variety of materials and to provide existing substances with novel properties. This technology was applied to producingnovel materials, for example organic-inorganic hybrids, which are quite difficult to make by other fabricating techniques, and it was also applied to producing materials based on high temperature superconducting oxides. "Applications of Sol-Gel Technology," (Volume 3), will cover applications such as: