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This book provides precise information on historical demographic patterns, which are highly relevant to the issue of how immigration affected major demographic changes in the United States during the time of massive industrialization. Contents: The Significance of Nativity and Ethnic Origin; Sources, Data, and Methods; The Impact of Immigration on Household Sizes and Components, 1850-1900; The Impact of Immigration on Household Types, 1850-1900; Immigration and Fertility Change in Western Massachusetts, 1850-1900; Nativity and Ethnic Differences in Marital Fertility in 1900; Childbearing Patterns and Fertility Limitations; Mortality Levels and Trends in Western Massachusetts, 1850-1900; Rethinking Demographic Change: Western Massachusetts as a Case Study.