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**This is the chapter slice "The Muscular System - Muscles" from the full lesson plan "Cells, Skeletal & Muscular Systems"** What do cells, bones and muscles have in common? They are all part of the human body, of course! Our resource takes you through a fascinating study of the human body with current information written for remedial students in grades 5 to 8. We warm up with a look at the structures and functions of cells, including specialized cells. Next, we examine how cells make up tissues, organs and organ systems. Then the eight major systems of the body are introduced, including the circulatory, respiratory, nervous, digestive, excretory and reproductive systems. Then on to an in-depth study of both the muscular and skeletal systems. Reading passages, activities for before and after reading, hands-on activities, test prep, and color mini posters are all included. All of our content is aligned to your State Standards and are written to Bloom's Taxonomy and STEM initiatives.

Start your journey into the human body with cells, bones and muscles. Our resource takes you through a fascinating study of anatomy with current information. Begin with cells, the building blocks of life. Build your own cell by sculpting the different parts. Move into tissues, organs and systems to discover all the different systems that make the human body function. Next is the skeletal system. Invent your own alien skeleton using the different bones found in the human body. Understand that these bones are held together with joints and cartilage. Finally, end this part of the journey with the muscular system. Find out the difference between skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles before identifying voluntary and involuntary muscle movement. Aligned to the Next Generation State Standards and written to Bloom's Taxonomy and STEAM initiatives, additional hands-on experiments, crossword, word search, comprehension quiz and answer key are also included.

The Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two programs that provide disability benefits: the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. SSDI provides disability benefits to people (under the full retirement age) who are no longer able to work because of a disabling medical condition. SSI provides income assistance for disabled, blind, and aged people who have limited income and resources regardless of their prior participation in the labor force. Both programs share a common disability determination process administered by SSA and state agencies as well as a common definition of disability for adults: "the inability to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months." Disabled workers might receive either SSDI benefits or SSI payments, or both, depending on their recent work history and current income and assets. Disabled workers might also receive benefits from other public programs such as workers' compensation, which insures against work-related illness or injuries occurring on the job, but those other programs have their own definitions and eligibility criteria. Selected Health Conditions and Likelihood of Improvement with Treatment identifies and defines the professionally accepted, standard measurements of outcomes improvement for medical conditions. This report also identifies specific, long-lasting medical conditions for adults in the categories of mental health disorders, cancers, and musculoskeletal disorders. Specifically, these conditions are disabling for a length of time, but typically don't result in permanently disabling limitations; are responsive to treatment; and after a specific length of time of treatment, improve to the point at which the conditions are no longer disabling.

**This is the chapter slice "The Muscular System - Movement" from the full lesson plan "Cells, Skeletal & Muscular Systems"** What do cells, bones and muscles have in common? They are all part of the human body, of course! Our resource takes you through a fascinating study of the human body with current information written for remedial students in grades 5 to 8. We warm up with a look at the structures and functions of cells, including specialized cells. Next, we examine how cells make up tissues, organs and organ systems. Then the eight major systems of the body are introduced, including the circulatory, respiratory, nervous, digestive, excretory and reproductive systems. Then on to an in-depth study of both the muscular and skeletal systems. Reading passages, activities for before and after reading, hands-on activities, test prep, and color mini posters are all included. All of our content is aligned to your State Standards and are written to Bloom's Taxonomy and STEM initiatives.

The aim of this treatise is to summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms for blood flow control to skeletal muscle under resting conditions, how perfusion is elevated (exercise hyperemia) to meet the increased demand for oxygen and other substrates during exercise, mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of regular physical activity on cardiovascular health, the regulation of transcapillary fluid filtration and protein flux across the microvascular exchange vessels, and the role of changes in the skeletal muscle circulation in pathologic states. Skeletal muscle is unique among organs in that its blood flow can change over a remarkably large range. Compared to blood flow at rest, muscle blood flow can increase by more than 20-fold on average during intense exercise, while perfusion of certain individual white muscles or portions of those muscles can increase by as much as 80-fold. This is compared to maximal increases of 4- to 6-fold in the coronary circulation during exercise. These increases in muscle perfusion are required to meet the enormous demands for oxygen and nutrients by the active muscles. Because of its large mass and the fact that skeletal muscles receive 25% of the cardiac output at rest, sympathetically mediated vasoconstriction in vessels supplying this tissue allows central hemodynamic variables (e.g., blood pressure) to be spared during stresses such as hypovolemic shock. Sympathetic vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle in such pathologic conditions also effectively shunts blood flow away from muscles to tissues that are more sensitive to reductions in their blood supply that might otherwise occur. Again, because of its large mass and percentage of cardiac output directed to skeletal muscle, alterations in blood vessel structure and function with chronic disease (e.g., hypertension) contribute significantly to the pathology of such disorders. Alterations in skeletal muscle vascular resistance and/or in the exchange properties of this vascular bed also modify transcapillary fluid filtration and solute movement across the microvascular barrier to influence muscle function and contribute to disease pathology. Finally, it is clear that exercise training induces an adaptive transformation to a protected phenotype in the vasculature supplying skeletal muscle and other tissues to promote overall cardiovascular health. Table of Contents: Introduction / Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle and Its Vascular Supply / Regulation of Vascular Tone in Skeletal Muscle / Exercise Hyperemia and Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation During Muscular Activity / Microvascular Fluid and Solute Exchange in Skeletal Muscle / Skeletal Muscle Circulation in Aging and Disease States: Protective Effects of Exercise / References