｜Foreword｜ The annual International Agriculture Innovation Conference (IAIC) series started in October 2016 as an assembly platform for leading researchers, educators, and developers to present, discuss, and examine various challenging issues relating to agricultural production and innovation. In January 2018, the International Association for Agricultural Sustainability (IAAS) took IAIC under its wing with expectations that IAIC expands its influence by inviting more agriculture-related professionals to participate in conferences. I sincerely welcome you to join our conference and to share your ideas on agriculture sustainability with us. First, I would like to thank the 2017 conference participants who successfully helped us create the IAIC. The IAIC 2017 would not have been successful without their support and cooperation. Next, I especially appreciate the assistance and support from the IAIC 2017 conference sponsors — Hug Nimman Hotel, Chiang Mei. Last but not least, the keynote speakers of IAIC 2017. This book would not have been published without their efforts and contributions. In order to improve current agricultural circumstances and attain environmental sustainability, agriculture innovation has become the primary strategy nowadays toward achieving these goals. The concept of adapting agricultural innovation to every phase of agricultural production and management is the foundation for this book. This is the sequel of book Case Studies: Insights On Agriculture Innovation 2016 which collects information on various agricultural innovation ideas and technologies that have been applied or are being developed for agricultural operations and management in different countries. I believe this book will provide you with new and inspiring ideas about the future of agriculture development, and illustrate how innovations in methods and techniques influence agriculture production, environmental sustainability, and the quality of people’s lives around the world.（Dr. Cheng-I Wei, Chairman of IAAS） ｜Contents｜ Foreword Preface Introduction of Authors About IAAS Chapter 01．Agricultural Innovation for Profitability and Environmental Sustainability．Cheng-I Wei / Alfreda Wei Chapter 02．Time-Orientation in Sustainable Development of Agriculture versus the UN Sustainable Development Goals．Göran Svensson / Carmen Padin Fabeiro Chapter 03．Sustainable and Nutritional Benefits of Edible Insect Production and Distribution as a Meat or Protein Substitute．Miranda Mirosa / John Birch / Claudia Clarkson Chapter 04．The Challenges of Agricultural Innovation and Climate Change Adaptation in Developing Country．Nirote Sinnarong / Olalekan Israel Aiikulola Chapter 05．Technological Convergence and Entrepreneurial Opportunities．Tan Wee Liang Chapter 06．The Conceptual of Decision Support System for Halal Supply Chain Innovation．Rika Ampuh Hadiguna Chapter 07．Innovative Practices for Sustainable Agriculture in a Global Environment．Pamela Rae Becker Chapter 08．Risk Management - Applying Systematic Risk Management Methodology into Wild Berry Based Business．Pekka Kess Chapter 09．Key Trends in Indian Agriculture．Kothandapani Ganesh Chapter 10．New Internet Marketing Strategy: the Application of the CCB Model．Tzong-Ru Lee / Chun-Yu Chien

[ Foreword ] The annual International Agriculture Innovation Conference (IAIC) series started in October 2016 as an assembly platform for leading researchers, educators, and developers to present, discuss, and examine various challenging issues relating to agricultural production and innovation. In January 2018, the International Association for Agricultural Sustainability (IAAS) took IAIC under its wing with expectations that IAIC will continue to expand its influence by inviting more agriculture-related professionals to participate in conferences. I sincerely welcome you to join our conference and to share your ideas on agriculture sustainability with us. First, I would like to express my sincere appreciation for those who attended IAIC 2021, because your participation is sought to the success of the conference. Last year was an unforgettable and remarkable year in human history due to the pandemic. This year, 2021, we are still battling the virus, we are forced to separated and isolated, hence, it made it more precious for all of us to gather together online. Because we cannot stop working on the road to sustainable agriculture. More than that, I would like to special thanks to assistance and support from the IAIC 2021 conference sponsors – The Watami Group, Japan, The Vital Wellspring Group, Singapore, and the Organizer of IAIC 2021 – the Waseda University Business School (WBS), Japan. Last but not least, the speakers of IAIC 2021. This book would not have been published without their efforts and contributions. In order to improve current agricultural circumstances and attain environmental sustainability, agriculture innovation has become the primary strategy nowadays toward achieving these goals. The concept of adapting agricultural innovation to every phase of agricultural production and management is the foundation for this book. This is the sequel of the book “Case Studies: Insights on Agriculture Innovation 2021” which collects information on various agricultural innovation ideas and technologies that have been applied or are being developed for agricultural operations and management in different countries. I believe this book will provide you with new and inspiring ideas about the future of agriculture development, and illustrate how innovations in methods and techniques influence agriculture production, environmental sustainability, and the quality of people’s lives around the world. (Dr. Cheng-I Wei, Honorary Chairman of IAAS) [ Contents ] Foreword Preface Introduction of Authors About IAAS Chapter 01 Innovations and Challenges for Agriculture in Japan (Sumito Yasuoka) Chapter 02 Sustainability or Resilience? An Agriculture Technology Situational Analysis (Mark C. Zeller) Chapter 03 Irrigated Agriculture under Climate Change (Vijay P. Singh / Qiong Su) Chapter 04 Production of Cinnamate by Immobilization of Bamboo Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase on Electrospun Nanofibers (Lu-Sheng Hsieh) Chapter 05 Cultured Meat in China (Zhou Guanghong / Shijie Ding) Chapter 06 Halal Management and Certification: the Malaysian Scenario (Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa / Nor Nadiha Mohd Zaki / Rodziah Atan) Chapter 07 The Status of Self-care Initiatives Using Functional Agricultural Products in Japan (Mari Maeda-Yamamoto) Chapter 08 Weathering the Storms Impacting Agribusiness (Wee Liang Tan) Chapter 09 Family Enterprise in Agriculture: A Case Study of the Gambia (Saikou E. Sanyang) Chapter 10 Leveraging the International Year of Millets 2023 (Joanna Kane-Potaka / Anitha Seetha)

[Foreword] The annual International Agriculture Innovation Conference (IAIC) series started in October 2016 as an assembly platform for leading researchers, educators, and developers to present, discuss, and examine various challenging issues relating to agricultural production and innovation. In January 2018, the International Association for Agricultural Sustainability (IAAS) took IAIC under its wing with expectations that IAIC expands its influence by inviting more agriculture-related professionals to participate in conferences. I sincerely welcome you to join our conference and to share your ideas on agriculture sustainability with us. First, I would like to thank the 2018 conference participants who successfully helped us create the IAIC. The IAIC 2018 would not have been successful without their support and cooperation. Next, I especially appreciate the assistance and support from the other Organizer of IAIC 2018- Institute of Agricultural Planning of CAU, China. Last but not least, the keynote speakers of IAIC 2018. This book would not have been published without their efforts and contributions. In order to improve current agricultural circumstances and attain environmental sustainability, agriculture innovation has become the primary strategy nowadays toward achieving these goals. The concept of adapting agricultural innovation to every phase of agricultural production and management is the foundation for this book. This is the sequel of book《Case Studies: Insights On Agriculture Innovation 2017》which collects information on various agricultural innovation ideas and technologies that have been applied or are being developed for agricultural operations and management in different countries. I believe this book will provide you with new and inspiring ideas about the future of agriculture development, and illustrate how innovations in methods and techniques influence agriculture production, environmental sustainability, and the quality of people’s lives around the world. (Dr. Cheng-I Wei, Chairman of IAAS) [Contents] Foreword Preface Introduction of Authors About IAAS Chapter 01 An Ecological Life-Cycle-The Case of Wapno (Göran Svensson / Carmen Padin Fabeiro) Chapter 02 The Application of PMI in Agriculture (Tzong-Ru Lee / Wen-Shin Lin) Chapter 03 Knowledge Management and Innovation: New Trends (Joanna Paliszkiewicz / Magdalena Mądra-Sawicka) Chapter 04 Building Platform Agribusinesses: Opportunity & Challenges(Tan Wee Liang) Chapter 05 Agricultural Innovation and Climate Change Adaptation under Thailand 4.0 National Policy (Nirote Sinnarong / Olalekan Israel Aiikulola) Chapter 06 Supply Chain Performance of Sustainable Palm Oil with Incorporating Big Data (Rika Ampuh Hadiguna) Chapter 07 The Way to Rural Revitalization in the Age of Digital Economy (Tianzhu Zhang / Abudurezhake· Yishake / Chunming Bai / Nannan Ren / Duomei Chai)

▏Introduction Although the agricultural technology is developing rapidly nowadays, human impacts on the natural environment and global environmental change are still causing the pressing issues, such as food shortage, food safety or health care, which are critical to the human survival and sustainability and urgent for us to figure out the solutions. In 2016, Dr. Tzong-Ru (Jiun-Shen) Lee, the Professor of Marketing Department of Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, and Kuo-Chang Fu, the Chief Operating Officer of Vital Wellspring Education, Singapore, initiated, and Dr. Cheng-I Wei, the Director of International Programs, university of Maryland, USA, called, an international platform has been built for the knowledge exchanging between academicians, researchers, industry players and policymakers in the fields of agriculture, industrial management, food safety, biotechnology, and medical care. Through the sharing of agriculture-related problems and innovative solutions on the annual conference, we hope to spread the useful ideas and to generate the positive impacts on human life further. That is why we decide to publish this book. Through this book, you could gain the information of the international agricultural trend, challenges, and possible solutions. We hope this book will be helpful for you. ▏Foreword The annual International Agriculture Innovation Conference(IAIC) series started in October 2016 as an assembly platform for leading researchers, educators, and developers to present, discuss, and examine various challenging issues relating to agricultural production and innovation. In January 2018, the International Association for Agricultural Sustainability (IAAS) took IAIC under it swing with expectations that IAIC expands its influence by inviting more agriculture-related professionals to participate in conferences. I sincerely welcome you to join our conference and to share your idea son agriculture sustainability with us. First, I would like to thank the 2016 conference participants who successfully helped us create the IAIC. The IAIC 2016 would not have been successful without their support and cooperation. Next, especially appreciate the assistance and support from the IAIC 2016conference sponsors — Bethesda Scientific Corporation, Taiwan Organic Ville, Taiwan Lilac Women and Children Weldare Association, Sun-Rise Engineering Consultant Company, Ltd. and Sun Gertain. Last but not least, the keynote speakers of IAIC 2016. This book would not have been published without their efforts and contributions. In order to improve current agricultural circumstances and attain environmental sustainability, agriculture innovation has become the primary strategy nowadays toward achieving these goals. The concept of adapting agricultural innovation to every phase of agricultural production and management is the foundation for this book. This book collects information on various agricultural innovation ideas and technologies that have been applied or are being developed for agricultural operations and management indifferent countries. I believe this book will provide you with new and inspiring ideas about the future of agriculture development,and illustrate how innovations in methods and techniques influence agriculture production, environmental sustainability, and the quality of people’s lives around the world.（Dr. Cheng-I Wei, Chairman of IAAS） ▏Preface In 2016, scholars and experts as keynote speakers attended in “2016 International Agricultural Innovation Conference, IAIC” presented their researches. In order to share the research works with others, the scholars and experts publish the book “Agriculture Innovation”, and each chapter is described as following. Chapter1 describes agri-industries are challenged with the major task to produce enough food supplies to meet growing demands, and innovation is applied at every phase of agricultural operation, production, management, and marketing. Chapter 2 focuses on agriculture tourism and the types of agricultural tourism activities in Michigan. Chapter 3 describes the definitions associated with urban agriculture, the factor contributing to the recent growth of urban farming in the United States and in Detroit. Chapter 4 introduces the National Institute of Agro biological Sciences, NARO, Japan, mainly about the development of medical model pigs using cloning and genetic recombination technology. Chapter 5 focuses on the accomplishments of Japanese researchers in genomics-based breeding and genome engineering, both aiming to develop desire crops in providing sufficient food to the world population in the 21stcentury and beyond are introduced. Chapter 6 describes the Finnish innovation system, the Finnish food industry, and Nordic wild berries in Finland. Chapter 7 introduces the new way to operate in the Finnish wild berry business. Chapter 8 focuses on the state of food waste situations and innovation in New Zealand, the seven main concepts also the food chain are covered, food waste reduction initiatives being used in New Zealand along the supply chain, and specific case studies in reducing food waste in New Zealand. Chapter9 introduces traditional and smart packaging methods used in the food packaging industry, the trends that have directly influenced the packaging industry, the most common applications of smart packaging technologies, and the application and acceptance of smart packaging. Chapter 10 mentions current development situation of agriculture in mainland China and innovative development of agriculture in Chinese mainland. Chapter 11 focuses on innovative agricultural development mode pushes forward China’s agriculture modernization and gradually formed a unique development mode featured. Chapter12 introduces the government policies in developing agriculture in Taiwan with “The New Southbound Policy”, “Governmental ‘Five-Plus-Two’ Policy ”, Developing the characteristics of Taiwanese agriculture”, “One Town one product”, “the operations of agricultural organizations”, “cooperation of the industry, official university and research” to enhance the competitiveness of agriculture and to build the agriculture technology advantages. Chapter 13 focuses on increasing the value of Taiwan’s agriculture and sustainable development, the government has pursued “agriculture 4.0”, “rural regeneration”, “innovations in the wholesale market, agriculture online, farmers’ market”, and “the stray birds project, and production”. The authors have expected their researches will make the contribution to the agricultural innovation all over the world. ▏Contents Foreword Preface Introduction of Authors About IAAS Chapter 01．Innovation in Agriculture during Challenging Times．Cheng-I Wei / Alfreda Wei Chapter 02．Agricultural Tourism in Michigan．Pamela Rae Becker Chapter 03．Urban Farming in Detroit．Pamela Rae Becker Chapter 04．New Aspects of Animal Science Research - Contribution to the Medical Field．Dai-ichiro Fuchimoto / Akio Takenaka Chapter 05．Recent Developments of Genomics-based Crop Breeding in Japan．Takashi Matsumoto / Akio Takenaka Chapter 06．Nordic Wild Berries – Superfood for Global Markets．Pekka Kess Chapter 07．Orchestrating International Wild Berry Based Business．Pekka Kess Chapter 08．Food Waste Innovation in New Zealand: Identifying Food Waste Reduction Initiatives along the Food Supply Chain．Miranda Mirosa / Wenting Xu / John Birch Chapter 09．Innovations in Smart Packaging for Consumer Confidence, Food Safety and An Improved Supply Chain．Miranda Mirosa / Kayna Lloyd / John Birch Chapter 10．Agricultural Innovation in Mainland China．Zhang Tianzhu / Liu Caixia /Zhangjie (siyar) / Hou Qian / Yao Kaiqian Chapter 11．Innovative Agricultural Development Mode and Case Analysis in Mainland China．Zhang Tianzhu / Liu Caixia / Zhangjie (siyar) / Hou Qian / Yao Kaiqian Chapter 12．Introduction to Taiwan Agriculture．Tzong-Ru Lee / Chun-Yu Chien Chapter 13．Agricultural Innovation in Taiwan．Tzong-Ru Lee / Chun-Yu Chien

[ Foreword ] The annual International Agriculture Innovation Conference (IAIC) series started in October 2016 as an assembly platform for leading researchers, educators, and developers to present, discuss, and examine various challenging issues relating to agricultural production and innovation. In January 2018, the International Association for Agricultural Sustainability (IAAS) took IAIC under its wing with expectations that IAIC will continue to expand its influence by inviting more agriculture-related professionals to participate in conferences. I sincerely welcome you to join our conference and to share your ideas on agriculture sustainability with us. First, I would like to thank the 2019 conference participants who had successfully helped us create the IAIC. The IAIC 2019 would not have been successful without their support and cooperation. Next, I especially appreciate the assistance and support from the IAIC 2019 conference sponsors – Vital Wellspting Pte. Ltd., Singapore, and the Organizer of IAIC 2019 – the University of OULU, Finland and the Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institution (APAARI), Thailand. Last but not least, the speakers of IAIC 2019. This book would not have been published without their efforts and contributions. In order to improve current agricultural circumstances and attain environmental sustainability, agriculture innovation has become the primary strategy nowadays toward achieving these goals. The concept of adapting agricultural innovation to every phase of agricultural production and management is the foundation for this book. This is the sequel of the book “Case Studies: Insights on Agriculture Innovation 2018” which collects information on various agricultural innovation ideas and technologies that have been applied or are being developed for agricultural operations and management in different countries. I believe this book will provide you with new and inspiring ideas about the future of agriculture development, and illustrate how innovations in methods and techniques influence agriculture production, environmental sustainability, and the quality of people’s lives around the world. (Dr. Cheng-I Wei, Chairman of IAAS) [ Contents ] Foreword Preface Introduction of Authors About IAAS Chapter 01 A System of Sustainable Development towards Sustainability-A Generic Framework Göran Svensson / Carmen Padin Fabeiro Chapter 02 Agribusiness Succession and Agricultural Sustainability: What Could Hamper Succession? Tan Wee Liang Chapter 03 Innovative Exploration on Green Development of Agriculture and Rural Areas in China Under the Background of Rural Revitalization Tianzhu Zhang / Yuxi Yang / Yanyu Yin / Abdurazak Ishak Chapter 04 The Strategies to Response to Climate Change for Agriculture Products Tzong-Ru Lee

[ Foreword ] The annual International Agriculture Innovation Conference (IAIC) series started in October 2016 as an assembly platform for leading researchers, educators, and developers to present, discuss, and examine various challenging issues relating to agricultural production and innovation. In January 2018, the International Association for Agricultural Sustainability (IAAS) took IAIC under its wing with expectations that IAIC will continue to expand its influence by inviting more agriculture-related professionals to participate in conferences. I sincerely welcome you to join our conference and to share your ideas on agriculture sustainability with us. First, I would like to express my sincere appreciation for those who attended IAIC2020, because your participation is sought to the success of the conference. 2020 is an unforgettable and remarkable year in human history due to the pandemic. We are forced to separated and isolated, hence, it made it more precious for all of us to gather together online. More than that, I would like to special thanks to assistance and support from the IAIC 2020 conference sponsors – Vital Wellspring Pte. Ltd., Singapore, and the Organizer of IAIC 2020 – the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, U.S.A. Last but not least, the speakers of IAIC 2020. This book would not have been published without their efforts and contributions. In order to improve current agricultural circumstances and attain environmental sustainability, agriculture innovation has become the primary strategy nowadays toward achieving these goals. The concept of adapting agricultural innovation to every phase of agricultural production and management is the foundation for this book. This is the sequel of the book “Case Studies: Insights on Agriculture Innovation 2019” which collects information on various agricultural innovation ideas and technologies that have been applied or are being developed for agricultural operations and management in different countries. I believe this book will provide you with new and inspiring ideas about the future of agriculture development, and illustrate how innovations in methods and techniques influence agriculture production, environmental sustainability, and the quality of people’s lives around the world. --Dr. Cheng-I Wei, Chairman of IAAS [ Contents ] | Chapter 01 | Harnessing Artificial Intelligence to Transform Agricultural Research Simon Y. Liu | Chapter 02 | Pursuing Green Growth of the Vegetable Sector in Low-income Countries Marco C.S. Wopereis / C. George Kuo | Chapter 03 | Consumers’ Perceptions of Innovative Food Waste (Upcycled) Products Meghan Bennet / Miranda Mirosa / Phil Bremer | Chapter 04 | Duality of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Worth of Investments in Agriculture Wei-Ling Low | Chapter 05 | The Story of Euglena: The Sustainable Investing Ecosystems Stephen Ho | Chapter 06 | Fostering Agricultural Transformation and the Growth in Thai AgTech Startup Ecosystem Montha Kaihirun

Governments, nongovernmental organizations, donors, and the private sector have increasingly embraced value-chain development (VCD) for stimulating economic growth and combating rural poverty. Innovation for Inclusive Value-Chain Development: Successes and Challenges helps to fill the current gap in systematic knowledge about how well VCD has performed, related trade-offs or undesired effects, and which combinations of VCD elements are most likely to reduce poverty and deliver on overall development goals. This book uses case studies to examine a range of VCD experiences. Approaching the subject from various angles, it looks at new linkages to markets and the role of farmer organizations and contract farming in raising productivity and access to markets, the minimum assets requirement to participate in VCD, the role of multi-stakeholder platforms in VCD, and how to measure and identify successful VCD interventions. The book also explores the challenges livestock-dependent people face; how urbanization and advancing technologies affect linkages; ways to increase gender inclusion and economic growth; and the different roles various types of platforms play in VCD.