L'ASSOCIATION DES METHODES OPTIQUES PERMET D'IDENTIFIER LES DIFFERENTES ESPECES PRESENTES DANS LES COUCHES D'OXYDES DEVELOPPEES SUR LE CUIVRE DEPUIS DES EPAISSEURS DE QUELQUES NANOMETRES JUSQU'A PLUSIEURS MICROMETRES. LES OXYDES SUIVANTS: L'OXYDE PRECURSEUR DE CU#2O, DE FORMULE CU#XO, CU#2O, CU#3O#2 ET CUO ONT ETE CARACTERISES EN SPECTROSCOPIE UV-VIS-PIR EN REFLEXION DIFFUSE. LES DEFAUTS DANS LES OXYDES CUIVREUX PEUVENT ETRE IDENTIFIES PAR LA SPECTROSCOPIE DE PHOTOLUMINESCENCE. LES PREMIERS STADES DE L'OXYDATION DU CUIVRE FONT INTERVENIR UN PROCESSUS RAPIDE SUIVANT LES REACTIONS: 2CU+1/2 O#2CU#2O-3CU#2O+1/2 O#2|2CU#3O#2. AINSI, A BASSE TEMPERATURE (423 K) ET POUR LES TEMPS LES PLUS LONGS, C'EST L'OXYDE CU#3O#2 QUI SE FORME. DANS LE DOMAINE DE TEMPERATURE 473-573 K, LES RESULTATS D'ANALYSE DEMONTRENT CLAIREMENT QU'IL Y A UN CHANGEMENT PERIODIQUE DE LA COMPOSITION DE LA COUCHE DANS LES PREMIERES ETAPES DE L'OXYDATION. LES MICROGRAPHIES DE CES COUCHES, REVELENT EN EXTREME SURFACE, UN MELANGE DE CUO ET D'OXYDES DE CUIVRE (I). POUR LES TEMPERATURES SUPERIEURES A 673 K, LA COUCHE A UNE STRUCTURE MULTICOUCHE CUO|CU#3O#2|CU#2O|CU

Techniques of performing applied mineralogy investigations, and applications and capabilities of recently developed instruments for measuring mineral properties are explored in this book intended for practicing applied mineralogists, students in mineralogy and metallurgy, and mineral processing engineers. The benefits of applied mineralogy are presented by using in-depth applied mineralogy studies on base metal ores, gold ores, porphyry copper ores, iron ores and industrial minerals as examples. The chapter on base metal ores includes a discussion on the effects of liberation, particle sizes and surfaces coatings of Pb, Cu, Fe, Ca and So4- on the recoveries of sphalerite, galena and chalcopyrite. The chapter on gold discusses various methods of determining the quantities of gold in different minerals, including 'invisible' gold in pyrite and arsenopyrite, so that a balance of the distribution of gold among the minerals can be calculated. This book also discusses the roles of pyrite, oxygen, moisture and bacterial (thiobacillus ferrooxidans) on reactions that produce acidic drainage from tailings piles, and summarizes currently used and proposed methods of remediation of acidic drainage.

Soils are affected by human activities, such as industrial, municipal and agriculture, that often result in soil degradation and loss. In order to prevent soil degradation and to rehabilitate the potentials of degraded soils, reliable soil data are the most important prerequisites for the design of appropriate land-use systems and soil management practices as well as for a better understanding of the environment. The availability of reliable information on soil morphology and other characteristics obtained through examination and description of the soil in the field is essential, and the use of a common language is of prime importance. These guidelines, based on the latest internationally accepted systems and classifications, provide a complete procedure for soil description and for collecting field data. To help beginners, some explanatory notes are included as well as keys based on simple test and observations.--Publisher's description.

Based on the first scientific conference convened at the Library of Alexandria, 'Biotechnology and Sustainable Development: Voices of the South and North', which was held in Alexandria, Egypt, in March 2002, this book contains overviews of agriculture, health, ethics and the environment. It discusses how dramatic improvements in food security, health, and lifestyle could accrue to the poor people of developing countries through the applications of new technologies.

Introducing the 10th Edition of this standard text covering all aspects of meat hygiene, from the production of clean and healthy animals, to the hygienic processing of meat and meat products, and the avoidance of food-borne hazards. This edition has been fully updated and revised to reflect a more integrated "farm to table" approach, and a more international perspective. Includes new material on BSE, a new section on operational hygiene, and more complete treatment of husbandry and ante-mortem issues.

This book offers a general, interdisciplinary discussion of global environmental change oriented toward the non-specialist in science.The unifying theme of the book is consideration of aspects of both natural and human-induced global environmental change. The two part organization according to this distinction allows for easy reading on specific topics.This book is useful for anyone interested in learning more about Earth's systems.