This volume brings together a multidisciplinary group of scholars from diverse fields including computer science, engineering, archival science, law, business, psychology, economics, medicine and more to discuss the trade-offs between different “layers” in designing the use of blockchain/Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) for social trust, trust in data and records, and trust in systems. Blockchain technology has emerged as a solution to the problem of trust in data and records, as well as trust in social, political and economic institutions, due to its profound potential as a digital trust infrastructure. Blockchain is a DLT in which confirmed and validated sets of transactions are stored in blocks that are chained together to make tampering more difficult and render records immutable. This book is dedicated to exploring and disseminating the latest findings on the relationships between socio-political and economic data, record-keeping, and technical aspects of blockchain.

This book takes readers through the sensational history of blockchains and their potential to revolutionize database systems of the future. In order to demystify blockchains, the book capitalizes on decades of research and field testing of existing database and distributed systems and applies these familiar concepts to the novel blockchain system. It then utilizes this framework to explore the essential block platform underpinning blockchains, which is often misunderstood as a specific attribute of cryptocurrencies rather than the core of the decentralized system independent of application. The book explores the nature of these decentralized systems, which have no single owner and build robustness through a multitude of stakeholder contributions. In this way, blockchains can build trust into existing systems and thus present attractive solutions for various domains across both academia and industry. Despite this, high-impact and real-world applications of blockchain have yet to be realized outside of cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. The book establishes how this new data system, if properly applied, can disrupt the sector in much the same way databases did so many years ago. The book explores the fundamental technical limitations that may be preventing blockchain from realizing this potential and how to overcome or mitigate them. Readers who are completely new to blockchains will find this book to be a comprehensive survey of the state of the art in blockchain technology. Readers with some experience of blockchains, for example through developing cryptocurrencies, will likely find the book’s database perspective enlightening. Finally, researchers already working with blockchain will learn to identify existing gaps in the design space and explore potential solutions for creating the next generation of blockchain systems.

How the blockchain—a system built on foundations of mutual mistrust—can become trustworthy. The blockchain entered the world on January 3, 2009, introducing an innovative new trust architecture: an environment in which users trust a system—for example, a shared ledger of information—without necessarily trusting any of its components. The cryptocurrency Bitcoin is the most famous implementation of the blockchain, but hundreds of other companies have been founded and billions of dollars invested in similar applications since Bitcoin's launch. Some see the blockchain as offering more opportunities for criminal behavior than benefits to society. In this book, Kevin Werbach shows how a technology resting on foundations of mutual mistrust can become trustworthy. The blockchain, built on open software and decentralized foundations that allow anyone to participate, seems like a threat to any form of regulation. In fact, Werbach argues, law and the blockchain need each other. Blockchain systems that ignore law and governance are likely to fail, or to become outlaw technologies irrelevant to the mainstream economy. That, Werbach cautions, would be a tragic waste of potential. If, however, we recognize the blockchain as a kind of legal technology that shapes behavior in new ways, it can be harnessed to create tremendous business and social value.

Take your blockchain and Web3 development skills to the next level by building real-world full-stack DeFi applications with Solidity and JavaScript Key Features Gain the knowledge you need to start implementing DeFi principles in practice Learn how to build full-stack real-world DeFi products from scratch with step-by-step instructions Leverage tools like Hardhat, Ethers.js, Node.js, React.js, Solidity, and Web3 for effective DeFi application development Purchase of the print or Kindle book includes a free PDF eBook Book DescriptionEnter the world of Decentralized Finance (DeFi) with Building Full Stack DeFi Applications. Understand how this blockchain-based financial technology, designed to manage crypto assets, runs independently without centralized financial institutions like banks and brokerages, eliminating the fees that banks and other financial companies charge for using their services. This book will show you how DeFi solutions are built with smart contracts running on blockchains and how they allow users to gain and earn crypto assets based on the trust of the smart contracts. This book uncovers the inner workings of DeFi by guiding you through the mathematical foundations and teaching you how to build real-world DeFi products with Solidity and JavaScript. As you progress through the chapters, you’ll learn how to implement smart contracts of liquidity pools to trade cryptocurrencies and implement staking, including farming features that allow users to earn. You’ll also find out how to create asset pools that allow users to lend and borrow cryptocurrencies and generate interest. Additionally, you’ll discover how to use Web3 libraries to build the frontend of DeFi products. By the end of this book, you’ll will be well acquainted with popular tools, libraries, and design patterns for implementing a full-stack DeFi application with Web3 and Solidity.What you will learn Understand the key concepts and principles of DeFi and how it works Get to grips with smart contract development to solve complex problems Build your experience in designing, building, and deploying Web3 applications Implement liquidity pools and swapping features for seamless crypto exchanges Develop staking and farming features for DeFi applications Create smart contracts for crypto loans integrated with Web3 libraries Who this book is for If you are a blockchain developer experienced in Web3 and Solidity development, or anyone interested in learning about blockchain and DeFi technologies, this book is for you. Product managers, executives, and other management professionals looking to start or delve into a DeFi project will also benefit from this book, as will developers and architects with basic blockchain knowledge who want to advance their skills in building full-stack DeFi products. Experience with Solidity, JavaScript, and Web3 will help you get the most out of this book.

The goal of this research was to create a decentralized trust-based access control (TBAC) system for a dynamic collaborative environment (DCE). By building a privilege management infrastructure (PMI) based on trust, user access was determined using behavior grading without the need for pre-configured, centrally managed role hierarchies or permission sets. The PMI provided TBAC suitable for deployment in a rapidly assembled, highly fluid, collaborative environment. DCEs were assembled and changed membership as required to achieve the goals of the group. A feature of these environments was that there was no way of knowing who would join the group, no way of refusing anyone entry into group, and no way of determining how long members would remain in the group. DCEs were formed quickly to enable participants to share information while, at the same time, allowing them to retain control over the resources that they brought with them to the coalition. This research progressed the state of the art in the fields of access control and trust management. The Trust Management System developed through this research effectively implemented a decentralized access control scheme. Each resource owner independently evaluated the reputation and risk of network members to make access decisions. Because the PMI system used past behavior as an indication of future performance, no a priori user or resource configuration was required.

Explore the blockchain-based decentralized platform and understand how Ethereum works with Dapps examples Key Features Explore the Ethereum ecosystem and understand the latest research on the platform Build decentralized apps (Dapps) using smart contracts and Ethereum with the help of practical examples Learn to make your decentralized applications fast and highly secure Book DescriptionEthereum is a blockchain-based, decentralized computing platform that allows running smart contracts. This book provides a basic overview of how Ethereum works, its ecosystem, mining process, and the consensus mechanism. It also demonstrates a step-by-step approach for building decentralized applications. This book begins with the very basics of Blockchain technology. Then it dives deep into the Ethereum architecture, framework and tools in its ecosystem. It also provides you an overview of ongoing research on Ethereum, for example, Layer 1 and 2 scaling solution, Stablecoin, ICO/STO/IEO, etc. Next, it explains Solidity language in detail, and provides step-by-step instructions for designing, developing, testing, deploying, and monitoring decentralized applications. In addition, you’ll learn how to use Truffle, Remix, Infura, Metamask, and many other Ethereum technologies. It’ll also help you develop your own cryptocurrency by creating ERC20, and ERC721 smart contracts from scratch. Finally, we explain private blockchains, and you learn how to interact with smart contracts through wallets.What you will learn Understand the concepts of blockchain and cryptocurrency Master Ethereum development tools such as Truffle, Remix IDE and Infura Delve into smart contract development Develop DApps frontend using Node.js, React.js, and Web3js API Learn Etherscan and other tools to secure and monitor smart contracts Develop and debug smart contracts by working with Remix Apply Truffle suite to compile, migrate, and unit test smart contracts Explore smart contracts such as ERC20 token and decentralized digital market Who this book is forThis book is for all developers and architects who want to explore Ethereum blockchain fundamentals and get started with building real-world decentralized applications. Knowledge of an object-oriented programming language such as JavaScript will be useful but not mandatory.