International publishing in the Netherlands had a glorious tradition in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. A remarkable revival took place after 1933, when several Dutch publishers began to issue books written by exiles of the Nazi regime in the German language. The decline of German scholarly and scientific publishing during the same time inspired a number of other Dutch publishers to expand their programs or start new ones. As the English language became more prominent internationally, enterprising Dutch publishers began to explore these markets as well. After the Germans invaded the Netherlands, a number of printers began to produce finely printed books and pamphlets in many languages clandestinely, as an act of defiance or to raise money for underground causes. This book documents these trends and events in the form of a series of bio-bibliographical portraits of the major participating publishers.