Braid and Knot Theory in Dimension Four
Title | Braid and Knot Theory in Dimension Four PDF eBook |
Author | Seiichi Kamada |
Publisher | American Mathematical Soc. |
Pages | 329 |
Release | 2002 |
Genre | Mathematics |
ISBN | 0821829696 |
Braid theory and knot theory are related via two famous results due to Alexander and Markov. Alexander's theorem states that any knot or link can be put into braid form. Markov's theorem gives necessary and sufficient conditions to conclude that two braids represent the same knot or link. Thus, one can use braid theory to study knot theory and vice versa. In this book, the author generalizes braid theory to dimension four. He develops the theory of surface braids and applies it tostudy surface links. In particular, the generalized Alexander and Markov theorems in dimension four are given. This book is the first to contain a complete proof of the generalized Markov theorem. Surface links are studied via the motion picture method, and some important techniques of this method arestudied. For surface braids, various methods to describe them are introduced and developed: the motion picture method, the chart description, the braid monodromy, and the braid system. These tools are fundamental to understanding and computing invariants of surface braids and surface links. Included is a table of knotted surfaces with a computation of Alexander polynomials. Braid techniques are extended to represent link homotopy classes. The book is geared toward a wide audience, from graduatestudents to specialists. It would make a suitable text for a graduate course and a valuable resource for researchers.
Surface-Knots in 4-Space
Title | Surface-Knots in 4-Space PDF eBook |
Author | Seiichi Kamada |
Publisher | Springer |
Pages | 215 |
Release | 2017-03-28 |
Genre | Mathematics |
ISBN | 9811040915 |
This introductory volume provides the basics of surface-knots and related topics, not only for researchers in these areas but also for graduate students and researchers who are not familiar with the field.Knot theory is one of the most active research fields in modern mathematics. Knots and links are closed curves (one-dimensional manifolds) in Euclidean 3-space, and they are related to braids and 3-manifolds. These notions are generalized into higher dimensions. Surface-knots or surface-links are closed surfaces (two-dimensional manifolds) in Euclidean 4-space, which are related to two-dimensional braids and 4-manifolds. Surface-knot theory treats not only closed surfaces but also surfaces with boundaries in 4-manifolds. For example, knot concordance and knot cobordism, which are also important objects in knot theory, are surfaces in the product space of the 3-sphere and the interval.Included in this book are basics of surface-knots and the related topics of classical knots, the motion picture method, surface diagrams, handle surgeries, ribbon surface-knots, spinning construction, knot concordance and 4-genus, quandles and their homology theory, and two-dimensional braids.
A Gentle Introduction To Knots, Links And Braids
Title | A Gentle Introduction To Knots, Links And Braids PDF eBook |
Author | Ruben Aldrovandi |
Publisher | World Scientific |
Pages | 214 |
Release | 2021-10-14 |
Genre | Science |
ISBN | 9811248508 |
The interface between Physics and Mathematics has been increasingly spotlighted by the discovery of algebraic, geometric, and topological properties in physical phenomena. A profound example is the relation of noncommutative geometry, arising from algebras in mathematics, to the so-called quantum groups in the physical viewpoint. Two apparently unrelated puzzles — the solubility of some lattice models in statistical mechanics and the integrability of differential equations for special problems — are encoded in a common algebraic condition, the Yang-Baxter equation. This backdrop motivates the subject of this book, which reveals Knot Theory as a highly intuitive formalism that is intimately connected to Quantum Field Theory and serves as a basis to String Theory.This book presents a didactic approach to knots, braids, links, and polynomial invariants which are powerful and developing techniques that rise up to the challenges in String Theory, Quantum Field Theory, and Statistical Physics. It introduces readers to Knot Theory and its applications through formal and practical (computational) methods, with clarity, completeness, and minimal demand of requisite knowledge on the subject. As a result, advanced undergraduates in Physics, Mathematics, or Engineering, will find this book an excellent and self-contained guide to the algebraic, geometric, and topological tools for advanced studies in theoretical physics and mathematics.
The Knot Book
Title | The Knot Book PDF eBook |
Author | Colin Conrad Adams |
Publisher | American Mathematical Soc. |
Pages | 330 |
Release | 2004 |
Genre | Mathematics |
ISBN | 0821836781 |
Knots are familiar objects. Yet the mathematical theory of knots quickly leads to deep results in topology and geometry. This work offers an introduction to this theory, starting with our understanding of knots. It presents the applications of knot theory to modern chemistry, biology and physics.
The Mathematical Theory of Knots and Braids
Title | The Mathematical Theory of Knots and Braids PDF eBook |
Author | S. Moran |
Publisher | Elsevier |
Pages | 309 |
Release | 2000-04-01 |
Genre | Computers |
ISBN | 0080871933 |
This book is an introduction to the theory of knots via the theory of braids, which attempts to be complete in a number of ways. Some knowledge of Topology is assumed. Necessary Group Theory and further necessary Topology are given in the book. The exposition is intended to enable an interested reader to learn the basics of the subject. Emphasis is placed on covering the theory in an algebraic way. The work includes quite a number of worked examples. The latter part of the book is devoted to previously unpublished material.
Braid Group, Knot Theory, and Statistical Mechanics II
Title | Braid Group, Knot Theory, and Statistical Mechanics II PDF eBook |
Author | Chen Ning Yang |
Publisher | World Scientific |
Pages | 496 |
Release | 1994 |
Genre | Science |
ISBN | 9789810215248 |
The present volume is an updated version of the book edited by C N Yang and M L Ge on the topics of braid groups and knot theory, which are related to statistical mechanics. This book is based on the 1989 volume but has new material included and new contributors.
Handbook of Knot Theory
Title | Handbook of Knot Theory PDF eBook |
Author | William Menasco |
Publisher | Elsevier |
Pages | 502 |
Release | 2005-08-02 |
Genre | Mathematics |
ISBN | 9780080459547 |
This book is a survey of current topics in the mathematical theory of knots. For a mathematician, a knot is a closed loop in 3-dimensional space: imagine knotting an extension cord and then closing it up by inserting its plug into its outlet. Knot theory is of central importance in pure and applied mathematics, as it stands at a crossroads of topology, combinatorics, algebra, mathematical physics and biochemistry. * Survey of mathematical knot theory * Articles by leading world authorities * Clear exposition, not over-technical * Accessible to readers with undergraduate background in mathematics