Biochemistry of Scandium and Yttrium gathers together existing knowledge about scandium and yttrium from a wide variety of disciplines. Part 1 will present a comparative study of the physical and chemical properties of scandium and yttrium, looking at both their similarities and their differences. (Part 2 will address the biochemical aspects of these two elements, and the various medical and environmental applications.) While these elements are relatively rare in nature, these books will show that they have unusual physical and chemical properties, and a disproportionate number of important applications. Improved analytical techniques have revealed that scandium and yttrium are present throughout living matter, even though only a relatively limited number of species have been analyzed so far. This fact of course has far-ranging implications for biological and environmental concerns. Part 1 also contains a discussion of the interactions of scandium and yttrium with molecules of biological interest, such as organic acids, carbohydrates, proteins, nucleotides, and other biologically active molecules. The major impacts of scandium and yttrium in science, technology, and medicine will be of interest to a wide variety of researchers, including geochemists, inorganic and organic chemists, clinical biochemists, and those specializing in environmental protection. Biochemistry of Scandium and Yttrium, Part 1 and Part 2 will be especially welcome because the last book published on the biochemistry of scandium appeared over 20 years ago, and the only book mentioning the biochemistry of yttrium came out in 1990.

Biochemistry of Scandium and Yttrium gathers together existing knowledge about scandium and yttrium from a wide variety of disciplines. Part 2 addresses the biochemical aspects of these two elements, and the various medical and environmental applications. (Part 1 presents a comparative study of the physical and chemical properties of scandium and yttrium, looking at both their similarities and their differences.) While these elements are relatively rare in nature, these books will show that they have unusual physical and chemical properties, and a disproportionate number of important applications. Improved analytical techniques have revealed that scandium and yttrium are present throughout living matter, even though only a relatively limited number of species have been analyzed so far. This fact of course has far-ranging implications for biological and environmental concerns. The major impacts of scandium and yttrium in science, technology, and medicine will be of interest to a wide variety of researchers, including geochemists, inorganic and organic chemists, clinical biochemists, and those specializing in environmental protection.

Explore the fascinating interplay between chemical elements and biological life with Biological and Medical Significance of Chemical Elements. This comprehensive handbook delves into the pivotal role that various chemical elements from the periodic table play in the intricate web of life processes. Discover how these elements impact human health, influence drug development, and contribute to essential biological pathways. Key Features: - Provides information on the occurrence and classification of chemical elements in nature - Explains the biological functions of elements from different main groups (including s-, p-, d- and f-block elements) - Includes information about the biomedical significance of platinum metals, lanthanides, and actinides - Includes a list of references for further reading This book serves as an indispensable resource for anyone interested in the medical biochemistry of chemical elements

The first book to compile the clinical signs associated with deficiencies, toxicities, imbalances, or exposures to minerals, trace elements, and rare earth elements in humans and animal species, Clinical Signs in Humans and Animals Associated With Minerals, Trace Elements, and Rare Earth Elements aims to increase awareness to improve diagnosis and to encourage further investigation based on comparative data. Written by an experienced veterinary clinician having worked in private practice, academia, and pharmaceutical and pet food industries, this book includes data on humans and primates, as well as companion animals, horses, rabbits, reptiles, ruminants, poultry, fish, and species typical in zoo populations. The subject material is divided into three sections to provide easy access to information on clinical signs, specific elements, or species. This book is written for medical and veterinary researchers, clinicians, and practitioners, specifically those working with animal nutrition and animal feed health. Academics and public health scientists will also benefit from the book's information and data on rehabilitating and maintaining animal health. - Includes data for a wide range of animal specimens, such as mammal and poultry species - Provides concise and accessible summary tables of clinical signs and the species in which they are seen - Offers relevant references and other useful information, such as management strategies

Rare-Earth Element Biochemistry: Characterization and Applications of Lanthanide-Binding Biomolecules, Volume 651 in the Methods in Enzymology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Chapters in this new release include Spectrophotometric methods to probe the solution chemistry of lanthanide complexes with macromolecules, Determination of affinities of lanthanide-binding proteins using chelator-buffered titrations, Electron Paramagnetic Resonance of Lanthanides, Characterization of lanthanoid binding proteins using NMR spectroscopy, Macromolecular crystallography for f-element complex characterization, Infrared spectroscopy probes ion binding geometries, Predicting lanthanide coordination structures in solution with molecular simulation, and much more. Additional sections cover the Characteristics of Gd(III) spin labels for the study of protein conformations, Lanthanide-based resonance energy transfer biosensors for live-cell applications, Yttrium-86 PET imaging, Aqueous Chemistry of the Smallest Rare Earth: Comprehensive Characterization of Radioactive and Non-radioactive Scandium Complexes for Biological Applications, and In vitro selection and application of lanthanide-dependent DNAzymes. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in the Methods in Enzymology series

By a happy coincidence, the completion of this text coincided with the 200th anniversary of the discovery of gadolinite, the mineral with which the lanthanide story begins. For a group of elements which occur in only trace amounts biologically, and which have no known metabolic role, the lanthanides have spawned a surprisingly large biochemicalliterature. Se rious interest in the biochemical properties ofthese elements can be traced to concerns about the safety of radioactive lanthanides toward the end of World War 11. As recent events at Chernobyl indicate, this concern re mains topical. However, the literature on lanthanide biochemistry pre dates the atomic era, beginning with sporadic, medically motivated studies in the latter part of the 19th century. Much of the present biochemical activity involving the lanthanides centers around their ability to provide 2 important information on the interactions of Ca + with macromolecules and with eukafyotic cells. With the increasing industrial use of the lan thanides, their toxicological properties will need to be examined more closely. Rare earth pneumonoconiosis has already been identified as a disease produced by industrial exposure to lanthanides. Several of the biochemical properties of the lanthanides are of relevance to modern medicine. Already cerium-based ointments are used to treat burn wounds, while paramagnetic lanthanides find application in nuclear magnetic res onance imaging. This book is an attempt to collate and to present in reasonable detail existing knowledge of lanthanide biochemistry before the literature be comes unmanageable.

Methods in Enzymology, Volume 650 continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Chapters in this new release include Biophysical methods to study lanthanide-protein interactions, Genetically encoded sensors to study lanthanide biology, Spectrophotometric methods to determine the stability constants of lanthanide-macromolecule complexes, Lanthanide-based probes for amino acid modifications, In vitro selection and application of lanthanide-dependent DNAzymes, LRET biosensors for imaging protein interactions in living cells, Synthetic Modeling of the Structure and Function of the Lanthanide-Dependent, MDH Cofactor, EPR spectroscopy of lanthanides, Macromolecular crystallography for f-element complex characterization, and much more. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in the Methods in Enzymology series