This book analyzes automatic gain control (AGC) loop circuits and demonstrates AGC solutions in the environment of wireless receivers, mainly in wireless receivers with stringent constraints in settling-time and wide dynamic range, such as WLAN and Bluetooth receivers. Since feedforward AGCs present great advantages in this context, as an alternative to conventional feedback AGCs, this book includes a detailed study of feedforward AGCs design –at the level of basic AGC cells, as well as the system level, including their main characteristics and performance.

This resource features discussion on static and dynamic regulation, loop rise time, automatic gain control design verification, square law detector test circuit, and linear detector test circuit as well as logarithmic amplification and other mathematical formulas. (Technology & Industrial Arts)

The Only DSP Book 100% Focused on Step-by-Step Design and Implementation of Real Devices and Systems in Hardware and Software Practical Applications in Digital Signal Processing is the first DSP title to address the area that even the excellent engineering textbooks of today tend to omit. This book fills a large portion of that omission by addressing circuits and system applications that most design engineers encounter in the modern signal processing industry. This book includes original work in the areas of Digital Data Locked Loops (DLLs), Digital Automatic Gain Control (dAGC), and the design of fast elastic store memory used for synchronizing independently clocked asynchronous data bit streams. It also contains detailed design discussions on Cascaded Integrator Comb (CIC) filters, including the seldom-covered topic of bit pruning. Other topics not extensively covered in other modern textbooks, but detailed here, include analog and digital signal tuning, complex-to-real conversion, the design of digital channelizers, and the techniques of digital frequency synthesis. This book also contains an appendix devoted to the techniques of writing mixed-language C\C++ Fortran programs. Finally, this book contains very extensive review material covering important engineering mathematical tools such as the Fourier series, the Fourier transform, the z transform, and complex variables. Features of this book include * Thorough coverage of the complex-to-real conversion of digital signals * A complete tutorial on digital frequency synthesis * Lengthy discussion of analog and digital tuning and signal translation * Detailed coverage of the design of elastic store memory * A comprehensive study of the design of digital data locked loops * Complete coverage of the design of digital channelizers * A detailed treatment on the design of digital automatic gain control * Detailed techniques for the design of digital and multirate filters * Extensive coverage of the CIC filter, including the topic of bit pruning * An extensive review of complex variables * An extensive review of the Fourier series, and continuous and discrete Fourier transforms * An extensive review of the z transform

The operational amplifier ("op amp") is the most versatile and widely used type of analog IC, used in audio and voltage amplifiers, signal conditioners, signal converters, oscillators, and analog computing systems. Almost every electronic device uses at least one op amp. This book is Texas Instruments' complete professional-level tutorial and reference to operational amplifier theory and applications. Among the topics covered are basic op amp physics (including reviews of current and voltage division, Thevenin's theorem, and transistor models), idealized op amp operation and configuration, feedback theory and methods, single and dual supply operation, understanding op amp parameters, minimizing noise in op amp circuits, and practical applications such as instrumentation amplifiers, signal conditioning, oscillators, active filters, load and level conversions, and analog computing. There is also extensive coverage of circuit construction techniques, including circuit board design, grounding, input and output isolation, using decoupling capacitors, and frequency characteristics of passive components. The material in this book is applicable to all op amp ICs from all manufacturers, not just TI. Unlike textbook treatments of op amp theory that tend to focus on idealized op amp models and configuration, this title uses idealized models only when necessary to explain op amp theory. The bulk of this book is on real-world op amps and their applications; considerations such as thermal effects, circuit noise, circuit buffering, selection of appropriate op amps for a given application, and unexpected effects in passive components are all discussed in detail. *Published in conjunction with Texas Instruments *A single volume, professional-level guide to op amp theory and applications *Covers circuit board layout techniques for manufacturing op amp circuits.

This book discusses non-conventional digital signal processing based on direct processing of delta-sigma modulated bit-stream. The main attributes of low-pass delta-sigma analog-to-digital converters are: simple and inexpensive design, robustness of design to component tolerances, low-power consumption, high input impedance, high resolution (more than 20 bits) and possibility of direct arithmetic operation on its bit-stream. The author presents a number of theoretical and simulation results related to newly proposed linear and non-linear circuits such as delta-sigma adders, delta-sigma rectifiers, delta-sigma RMS and AGC circuits, delta-sigma frequency deviation meters, etc. The proposed circuits are not application limited and can be used in instrumentation, sensor application, bio-medical application, communications, etc. Presents novel linear and nonlinear circuits for direct processing of delta-sigma modulated bit-stream; The proposed circuits are supported by theoretical and simulation results; Recommends potential applications of the proposed circuits, and proposes ideas for further investigation.

This system-level approach to transceiver design covers digital communications principles for military applications and translating those concepts for commercial applications. Topics include link budget, receiver and transmitter specifications, modulation, and spread spectrum.

This book discusses the trade-offs involved in designing direct RF digitization receivers for the radio frequency and digital signal processing domains. A system-level framework is developed, quantifying the relevant impairments of the signal processing chain, through a comprehensive system-level analysis. Special focus is given to noise analysis (thermal noise, quantization noise, saturation noise, signal-dependent noise), broadband non-linear distortion analysis, including the impact of the sampling strategy (low-pass, band-pass), analysis of time-interleaved ADC channel mismatches, sampling clock purity and digital channel selection. The system-level framework described is applied to the design of a cable multi-channel RF direct digitization receiver. An optimum RF signal conditioning, and some algorithms (automatic gain control loop, RF front-end amplitude equalization control loop) are used to relax the requirements of a 2.7GHz 11-bit ADC. A two-chip implementation is presented, using BiCMOS and 65nm CMOS processes, together with the block and system-level measurement results. Readers will benefit from the techniques presented, which are highly competitive, both in terms of cost and RF performance, while drastically reducing power consumption.