Superlubricity is defined as a sliding regime in which friction or resistance to sliding vanishes. It has been shown that energy can be conserved by further reducing/removing friction in moving mechanical systems and this book includes contributions from world-renowned scientists who address some of the most fundamental research issues in overcoming friction. Superlubricity reviews the latest methods and materials in this area of research that are aimed at removing friction in nano-to-micro scale machines and large scale engineering components. Insight is also given into the atomic-scale origins of friction in general and superlubricity while other chapters focus on experimental and practical aspects or impacts of superlubricity that will be very useful for broader industrial community. * Reviews the latest fundamental research in superlubricity today* Presents 'state-of-the-art' methods, materials, and experimental techniques* Latest developments in tribomaterials, coatings, and lubricants providing superlubricity

The technology involved in lubrication by nanoparticles is a rapidly developing scientific area and one that has been watched with interest for the past ten years. Nanolubrication offers a solution to many problems associated with traditional lubricants that contain sulphur and phosphorus; and though for some time the production of nanoparticles was restricted by the technologies available, today synthesis methods have been improved to such a level that it is possible to produce large quantities relatively cheaply and efficiently. Nanolubricants develops a new concept of lubrication, based on these nanoparticles, and along with the authors’ own research it synthesises the information available on the topic of nanolubrication from existing literature and presents it in a concise form. Describes the many advantages and potential applications of nanotechnology in the tribological field. Offers a full review of the state-of-the-art as well as much original research that is yet unpublished. Includes sections on boundary lubrication by colloïdal systems, nanolubricants made of metal dichalcogenides, carbon-based nanolubricants, overbased detergent salts, nanolubricants made of metals and boron-based solid nanolubricants and lubrication additives. Authored by highly regarded experts in the field with contributions from leading international academics. Nanolubricants will appeal to postgraduate students, academics and researchers in mechanical engineering, chemical engineering and materials science. It should also be of interest to practising engineers with petroleum companies and mechanical manufacturers.

Man lubricates mostly with oil. Nature lubricates exclusively with water. Pure water is a poor lubricant, but the addition of proteins, especially glycoproteins, can modify surfaces to make them far more lubricating at slow speeds. Understanding how nature does this, and the physical structures involved, is not only important for the understanding of diseases such as osteoarthritis, but also essential for the successful application of articulating implants, such as hips and knees, as well as the development of medical devices such as catheters and contact lenses. A host of important applications of water-based lubrication are already in place in the personal care and food industries, and further industrial applications of water-based lubrication could have a significant positive impact on the environment.This book is the first of its kind. It brings together the latest research in biological and biomimetic, water-based lubrication and is authored by the world's experts in the field.

Surface science and tribology play very critical roles in many industries. Manufacture and use of almost all consumer and industrial products rely on the application of advanced surface and tribological knowledge. The fourth in a series, Surfactants in Tribology, Volume 4 provides an update on research and development activities connecting surfacta

This research evaluates carbon-based biomaterials and investigates their fundamental mechanisms in bio-lubrication. Approaches include experimental investigation combined with molecular dynamics simulation. There are four major areas of investigation undertaken as summarized below. The gastropod mucus is a natural biological fluid that acts both as a glue and a lubricant. The chemical compositions, rheological performance, and tribological behavior of the mucus were explored under various conditions. It was found that the water content determined the uniqueness of this nature's lubricant. The results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation confirmed the hydration lubrication mechanisms. The polycrystalline diamond produced by plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor-deposited (PCVD) was evaluated for the applications in artificial joints. Results suggested that the diamond material was highly wear resistant and was equally excellent in biocompatibility as commonly used Ti6Al4V. The protein molecules were found to bind to the surface of diamond less specifically than it on metal oxide surface. The effects of molecular structures on lubrication were studied. Carbon-based additives in water showed the reduction in friction in self-lubricating polymer. The adsorption of lubricant molecules were correlated to the frictional behavior observed. It was found that the 2D coverage of atomic level asperities took an important role in reducing friction. Furthermore, the graphene oxide showed promising anti-infection capability that is an added benefit for in vivo applications. Finally, the interactions between proteins and carbon-based biomaterials were studied computationally. The kinetic balance and potential were analyzed. An empirical mathematical model was developed in order to predict the interfacial interactions between protein and the surfaces of biomaterials. This research bridges the gap between the effects of the structure of the lubricants and the behavior of the same. It provides the basis to design new lubricants that will be more efficient, more environmental friendly, and more durable. The carbon-based biomaterials would lead to a new generation of artificial joints that help to improve the quality life for patients who need prosthesis. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152665