Several different areas of the socio-economic activity of countries, and in particular the distribution of income, can be studied with the use of Social Accounting Matrices (SAMs). The features underlying a SAM allow for the reading and interpretation of the socio-economic activity of countries, leading to the production of an empirical work that can highlight specific aspects of the reality under study and offers the chance to perform experiments with changes in those aspects. Thus, SAMs can also be used to support policy decision processes.With the aid of some methodological principles based on the works of R. Stone, G. Pyatt and J. Round, a SAM-based approach to the study of income distribution is carried out, seeking to provide both an empirical and a theoretical description of the socio-economic activity of a country, respectively through a numerical and an algebraic version of a SAM. The algebraic version can also be referred to as a 'SAM-based model'.This study uses the nomenclatures of the latest version of the System of National Accounts (2008 SNA).By including production and institutions accounts in a matrix format, the structural features of a country's production and income distribution can be worked upon together, making it possible to capture specific networks of linkages and the corresponding multiplier effects, in subsequent modelling exercises.A basic SAM is presented, with rows and columns representing accounts. The production accounts are represented by activities (or industries), products (or goods and services), and factors of production. The (domestic) institutions are represented by the current, capital and financial accounts. The rest of the world account represents the “external” part of the (domestic) economy.Bearing in mind the importance of ensuring the consistency of the whole system, possible disaggregations and extensions to that basic structure are analysed.Aggregates and balancing items that can be identified and calculated outside this matrix format are also presented.An assessment of a country's distribution and use of income is presented, by means of the identification of some of the underlying structural features of SAMs.Macroeconomic effects of changes in income are then identified by way of an experiment with a change in the taxes on income and wealth, paid by the households to the government, using a SAM-based approach.The exposition is accompanied by an example which is applied to Portugal.

This training guide introduces development practitioners, policy analysts, and students to social accounting matrices (SAMs) and their use in policy analysis. There are already a number of books that explain the System of National Accounts and SAM multipliers-some of these are recommended at the end of this training guide. However, most books tend to be quite technical and move quickly from an introduction to more complex applications. By contrast, this guidebook uses a series of hands-on exercises to gradually introduce SAMs and multiplier analysis. It therefore complements more theoretical SAM and multiplier literature and provides a first step for development practitioners and students wishing to understand the strengths and limitations of these economic tools. It is also useful for policy analysts and researchers embarking on more complex SAM-based methodologies. One such methodology is computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling, for which IFPRI has also developed a series of introductory exercises and a standard modeling framework.To download the exercises, go to www.ifpri.org/publication/social-accounting-matrices-and-multiplier-analysis

This title was first published in 2002. Providing the first comprehensive systematic assessment of the social accounting matrix (SAM) in twenty developing countries, Solomon Cohen introduces key research in the area and looks at its practical applications. Divided into two parts, the first part of each chapter: -Deals with the construction and structural analysis of the SAM -Examines refinements of the SAM as a self-contained model of the economy; study of SAM multipliers of growth and distribution -Explores decompositions of multiplier effects and cross-country and inter-temporal comparative analysis of changing economic structures. The second part looks at the SAM as a modular framework and a database, which can be flexibly used in economic policy modelling. This valuable reference, and the accompanying volume Social Accounting or Industrial and Transition Economies will be an essential addition to the bookshelves of researchers, instructors, policy makers, scholars and libraries.

Macroeconomics of Climate Change in a Dualistic Economy: A Regional General Equilibrium Analysis generates significant, genuinely novel insights about dual economies and sustainable economic growth. These insights are generalize-able and applicable worldwide. The authors overcome existing limitations in general equilibrium modeling. By concentrating on tensions between green growth and dualism, they consider the global efforts against climate change and opposition by specific countries based on economic development needs. Using Turkey as their primary example, they address these two most discussed and difficult issues related to policy setting, blazing a path for those seeking an applied economic research framework to study such economic considerations. Couples a CGE climate change mitigation policy analysis with a dual economy approach Presents methods to model and assess policy instruments for mitigating climate change Provides data sets and models on a freely-accessible companion website Offers a path for those seeking an applied economic research framework to study economic considerations

Social Accounting Systems: Essays on the State of the Art contains essays prepared during a workshop aimed at the development and promulgation of objectives for future work on social accounting, and the making of recommendations to achieve them by evaluating existing demographic and time-based accounting models. The essays describe and evaluate the state of the art of extant empirically based approaches to social accounting. The book opens with an overview chapter that describes the organizations of the Workshop on Social Accounting Systems at which the essays were presented and discussed, th.