Gain an in-depth knowledge in immersive web development to create augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) applications inside web browsers using WebXR API, WebGL, Three.js, and A-Frame. This project-based book will provide the practice and portfolio content to make the most of what the futures of spatial computing and immersive technology have to offer. Beginning with technical analysis of how web browsers function, the book covers programming languages such as WebGL, JavaScript, and HTML, with an eye on a complete understanding of the WebXR lifecycle. You'll then explore how contemporary web browsers work at the code level and see how to set up a local development server and use it with the Visual Studio Code IDE to create 3D animation in the WebGL programming language. With a familiarity of the web-rendering pipeline in place, you'll venture on to WebGL abstractions such as the Three.js JavaScript library and Mozilla's A-Frame XR Framework, which use WebXR to create high-end visual effects. In the final projects of the book, you'll create an augmented reality web session for an Android phone device, and create a VR scene in A-Frame (built on Three.js) to demo essential components of the WebXR API pertaining to user positioning and interaction. Game engines have become common-place for the creation of mixed reality content. However, developers not interested in learning entirely new workflows may be better suited to work within a medium almost universally open to all-the web; AR and VR Using the WebXR API will show you the way. You will: Master the creation of virtual reality and augmented reality features for web page Prepare to work as an immersive web developer with a portfolio of projects in sought-after technologies Review the fundamentals of writing shaders in WebGL Experience the unity between client, server, and cloud architecture as it applies to location-based AR.

Gain an in-depth knowledge in immersive web development to create augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) applications inside web browsers using WebXR API, WebGL, Three.js, and A-Frame. This project-based book will provide the practice and portfolio content to make the most of what the futures of spatial computing and immersive technology have to offer. Beginning with technical analysis of how web browsers function, the book covers programming languages such as WebGL, JavaScript, and HTML, with an eye on a complete understanding of the WebXR lifecycle. You'll then explore how contemporary web browsers work at the code level and see how to set up a local development server and use it with the Visual Studio Code IDE to create 3D animation in the WebGL programming language. With a familiarity of the web-rendering pipeline in place, you’ll venture on to WebGL abstractions such as the Three.js JavaScript library and Mozilla’s A-Frame XR Framework, which use WebXR to create high-end visual effects. In the final projects of the book, you’ll create an augmented reality web session for an Android phone device, and create a VR scene in A-Frame (built on Three.js) to demo essential components of the WebXR API pertaining to user positioning and interaction. Game engines have become common-place for the creation of mixed reality content. However, developers not interested in learning entirely new workflows may be better suited to work within a medium almost universally open to all—the web; AR and VR Using the WebXR API will show you the way. What You'll Learn Master the creation of virtual reality and augmented reality features for web page Prepare to work as an immersive web developer with a portfolio of projects in sought-after technologies Review the fundamentals of writing shaders in WebGL Experience the unity between client, server, and cloud architecture as it applies to location-based AR Who This Book Is For Aspiring immersive web developers and developers already familiar with the fundamentals of web development who want to further explore topics such as spatial computing, computer vision, spatial anchors, and cloud-computing for multi-user social experiences.

This book is a must-read for anyone wishing to explore the intricacies of modern graphics libraries. It is written with a classroom-based approach, delving into the fundamentals and explaining them through a number of illustrations. If you are new to computer graphics, this book will provide you with a solid grasp of the underlying concepts and furnish enough details to self-propel in the field. If you are a seasoned graphics artist aiming to deepen your understanding of modern graphics libraries, you will find numerous complex concepts covered meticulously with vivid illustrations. The book encompasses various topics, including: - The Need for WebGL - Why Web-Based 3D Graphics? - GPU Programming Architecture - Mathematical Background for Animations (Transformations) - Applying Transformations through WebGL - Adding Realism with Colours and Textures - Fundamentals of 3D Graphics - Applying 3D Graphics with WebGL - THREE JS Framework

WebXR seamlessly combines XR technologies (VR, AR and MR) with the flexibility and accessibility of your browser to help you easily and quickly develop versatile and creative XR solutions. In this book, you'll learn definitions, terminologies and implementation details. The text goes through the basic concepts using uncomplicated working examples. As we believe, a strong understanding of the underlying principles is important if you're to leverage the full potential of WebXR. The purpose of this text is to introduce you to WebXR from the ground-up. As you'll learn in this text, WebXR is a powerful interface that pulls together elements from extensible technologies (VR, AR and MR), enabling you to rapidly connect hardware and software seamlessly. WebXR's versatility and improvisation will allow you to rapidly and freely develop expressive prototypes. While WebXR offers unprecedented means to immerse and interact with your audiences, it also enables you to balance and manage the ever-changing and diverse XR landscape (evolving hardware and standards). This is partly due to the fact that WebXR blend the strength and control of your browser. WebXR is a fusion of JavaScript, WebGL and other libraries that allow you to connect movement and visuals in unique ways (e.g., interpret expressive emotions or tell stories through action and movement). Through WebXR, you'll be able to nurture your creativity and encourage yourself to explore designs that work in interesting and novel ways. Once you've mastered the basics of WebXR you'll have opportunities to invent new interactive interfaces for your applications, instead of following traditional designs which may not fit the style or approach of your system. Another characteristic of WebXR is the deliberate use of JavaScript (which is simple, light and flexible). This lets you easily write and prototype ideas, such as stories with emotional content that embrace the user's surrounding or training simulations that immersive users in realistic situations. Overall, WebXR will allow you to support special hardware effortlessly (let your browser manage compatibility issues), while helping you develop applications that possess coordinated, powerful visual and emotional experiences.

This is the first comprehensive research monograph devoted to the use of augmented reality in education. It is written by a team of 58 world-leading researchers, practitioners and artists from 15 countries, pioneering in employing augmented reality as a new teaching and learning technology and tool. The authors explore the state of the art in educational augmented reality and its usage in a large variety of particular areas, such as medical education and training, English language education, chemistry learning, environmental and special education, dental training, mining engineering teaching, historical and fine art education. Augmented Reality in Education: A New Technology for Teaching and Learning is essential reading not only for educators of all types and levels, educational researchers and technology developers, but also for students (both graduates and undergraduates) and anyone who is interested in the educational use of emerging augmented reality technology.

Using mixed and augmented reality in communities is an emerging media practice that is reshaping how we interact with our cities and neighbors. From the politics of city hall to crosswalks and playgrounds, mixed and augmented reality will offer a diverse range of new ways to interact with our communities. In 2016, apps for augmented reality politics began to appear in app stores. Similarly, the blockbuster success of Pokémon Go illustrated how even forgotten street corners can become a magical space for play. In 2019, a court case in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, extended first amendment rights to augmented reality. For all the good that these emerging media provide, there will and have been consequences. Augmented and Mixed Reality for Communities will help students and practitioners navigate the ethical design and development of these kinds of experiences to transform their cities. As one of the first books of its kind, each chapter in the book prepares readers to contribute to the Augmented City. By providing insight into how these emerging media work, the book seeks to democratize the augmented and mixed reality space. Authors within this volume represent some of the leading scholars and practitioners working in the augmented and mixed reality space for civic media, cultural heritage, civic games, ethical design, and social justice. Readers will find practical insights for the design and development to create their own compelling experiences. Teachers will find that the text provides in-depth, critical analyses for thought-provoking classroom discussions.