This book presents the topological derivative method through selected examples, using a direct approach based on calculus of variations combined with compound asymptotic analysis. This new concept in shape optimization has applications in many different fields such as topology optimization, inverse problems, imaging processing, multi-scale material design and mechanical modeling including damage and fracture evolution phenomena. In particular, the topological derivative is used here in numerical methods of shape optimization, with applications in the context of compliance structural topology optimization and topology design of compliant mechanisms. Some exercises are offered at the end of each chapter, helping the reader to better understand the involved concepts.

The book presents new results and applications of the topological derivative method in control theory, topology optimization and inverse problems. It also introduces the theory in singularly perturbed geometrical domains using selected examples. Recognized as a robust numerical technique in engineering applications, such as topology optimization, inverse problems, imaging processing, multi-scale material design and mechanical modeling including damage and fracture evolution phenomena, the topological derivative method is based on the asymptotic approximations of solutions to elliptic boundary value problems combined with mathematical programming tools. The book presents the first order topology design algorithm and its applications in topology optimization, and introduces the second order Newton-type reconstruction algorithm based on higher order topological derivatives for solving inverse reconstruction problems. It is intended for researchers and students in applied mathematics and computational mechanics interested in the mathematical aspects of the topological derivative method as well as its applications in computational mechanics.

Topological Methods for Differential Equations and Inclusions covers the important topics involving topological methods in the theory of systems of differential equations. The equivalence between a control system and the corresponding differential inclusion is the central idea used to prove existence theorems in optimal control theory. Since the dynamics of economic, social, and biological systems are multi-valued, differential inclusions serve as natural models in macro systems with hysteresis.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the authors' pioneering contributions to nonlinear set-valued analysis by topological methods. The coverage includes fixed point theory, degree theory, the KKM principle, variational inequality theory, the Nash equilibrium point in mathematical economics, the Pareto optimum in optimization, and applications to best approximation theory, partial equations and boundary value problems.Self-contained and unified in presentation, the book considers the existence of equilibrium points of abstract economics in topological vector spaces from the viewpoint of Ky Fan minimax inequalities. It also provides the latest developments in KKM theory and degree theory for nonlinear set-valued mappings.

This book comprises select proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Innovations and Developments in Mechanical Engineering (IC-RIDME 2018). The book contains peer reviewed articles covering thematic areas such as fluid mechanics, renewable energy, materials and manufacturing, thermal engineering, vibration and acoustics, experimental aerodynamics, turbo machinery, and robotics and mechatronics. Algorithms and methodologies of real-time problems are described in this book. The contents of this book will be useful for both academics and industry professionals.

The principal aim of this book is to introduce topology and its many applications viewed within a framework that includes a consideration of compactness, completeness, continuity, filters, function spaces, grills, clusters and bunches, hyperspace topologies, initial and final structures, metric spaces, metrization, nets, proximal continuity, proximity spaces, separation axioms, and uniform spaces.This book provides a complete framework for the study of topology with a variety of applications in science and engineering that include camouflage filters, classification, digital image processing, forgery detection, Hausdorff raster spaces, image analysis, microscopy, paleontology, pattern recognition, population dynamics, stem cell biology, topological psychology, and visual merchandising.It is the first complete presentation on topology with applications considered in the context of proximity spaces, and the nearness and remoteness of sets of objects. A novel feature throughout this book is the use of near and far, discovered by F Riesz over 100 years ago. In addition, it is the first time that this form of topology is presented in the context of a number of new applications.