A guide to tracking down, identifying and preserving rare apples.

Showing how the history of the apple goes far beyond the orchard and into the social, cultural and technological developments of Britain and the USA, this book takes an interdisciplinary approach to reveal the importance of the apple as a symbol of both tradition and innovation. From the 18th century in Britain, technology innovation in fruit production and orchard management resulted in new varieties of apples being cultivated and consumed, while the orchard became a representation of stability. In America orchards were contested spaces, as planting seedling apple trees allowed settlers to lay a claim to land. In this book Joanna Crosby explores how apples and orchards have reflected the social, economic and cultural landscape of their times. From the association between English apples and 'English' virtues of plain speaking, hard work and resultant high-quality produce, to practices of wassailing highlighting the effects of urbanisation and the decline of country ways and customs, Apples and Orchards from the Eighteenth Century shows how this everyday fruit provides rich insights into a time of significant social change.

This volume constitutes selected papers presented during the First International Conference on Cognitive Computation and Systems, ICCCS 2022, held in Beijing, China, in October 2022. The 31 papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from the 75 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on ​computer vision; decision making and cognitive computation; robot and autonomous vehicle.

In this book we address the problem of quality inspection of agricultural produce, more specifically apple fruits, based on multispectral image analysis. Following a divide-and-conquer strategy, the problem is divided into the subtasks of stem and ca