The harmful effects of anti-fouling systems were considered by the International Maritime Organization's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) for the first time in 1988, when the Paris Commission requested the MEPC to consider the need for measures to restrict the use of tributyltin (TBT) compounds on seagoing vessels. As a first step, the Committee at its thirtieth session in 1990 adopted resolution MEPC.46 (30) on ``Measures to control potential adverse impacts associated with the use of tributyltin compounds in anti-fouling paints'', which recommends that IMO Member Governments adopt measures to eliminate the use of anti-fouling paint containing TBT on non-aluminium-hulled vessels of less than 25'm in length and eliminate the use of TBT-based anti- fouling paints with an average leaching rate of more than four micrograms of organotin per square centimetre per day. These recommendations were intended to be interim measures until IMO could consider a possible total prohibition of TBT compounds in anti-fouling systems. From 1990 onwards, MEPC was presented with TBT monitoring results which reconfirmed the toxicity of TBT compounds, as well as with information on existing alternatives, including their effectiveness and the risk posed to the marine environment by these systems. This 2005 edition, reproduces the texts of the International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-Fouling Systems on Ships, 2001, the four Conference resolutions, and the Guidelines developed and adopted by the Organization.

Marine biofouling can be defined as the undesirable accumulation of microorganisms, algae and animals on structures submerged in seawater. From the dawn of navigation, marine biofouling has been a major problem for shipping in such areas as reduced speed, higher fuel consumption and increased corrosion. It also affects industries using off-shore structures such as oil and gas production and aquaculture. Growing concerns about the environmental impact of antifouling coatings has led to major new research to develop more environmentally-friendly alternatives. Advances in marine antifouling coatings and technologies summaries this wealth of research and its practical implications.This book is divided into four sub-sections which discuss: marine fouling organisms and their impact, testing and development of antifouling coatings, developments in chemically-active marine antifouling technologies, and new surface approaches to the control of marine biofouling. It provides an authoritative overview of the recent advances in understanding the biology of fouling organisms, the latest developments on antifouling screening techniques both in the field and in the laboratory, research on safer active compounds and the progress on nontoxic coatings with tailor-made surface properties.With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Advances in marine antifouling coatings and technologies is a standard reference for manufacturers of marine antifouling solutions, the shipping industry, oil and gas producers, aquaculture and other industries using offshore structures, and academics researching this important area. - Assesses marine antifouling organisms and their impact, including a historical review and directions for future research - Discusses developments in antifouling coatings examining chemically-active and new surface approaches - Reviews the environmentally friendly alternative of safer active compounds and the progress of non-toxic compounds

These Guidelines for the control and management of ships' biofouling to minimize the transfer of invasive aquatic species (hereafter 'the Guidelines') are intended to provide a globally consistent approach to the management of biofouling. As scientific and technological advances are made, the Guidelines will be refined to enable the risk to be more adequately addressed. Port States, flag States, coastal States and other parties that can assist in mitigating the problems associated with biofouling should exercise due diligence to implement the Guidelines to the maximum extent possible.

This e-book package contains a copy of International Medical Guide for Ships Third edition and a copy of the Quantification Addendum which contains recommended quantities indications and dosing for 55 medicines listed in the International Medical Guide for Ships 3rd edition. The third edition of the International Medical Guide for Ships shows designated first-aid providers how to diagnose treat and prevent the health problems of seafarers on board ship. Since its first publication in 1967 the International Medical Guide for Ships has been a standard reference for medical care on board ships. The second edition written in 1988 was translated into more than 30 languages and has been used in tens of thousands of ships. This the third edition contains fully updated recommendations aimed to promote and protect the health of seafarers and is consistent with the latest revisions of both the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines and the International Health Regulations. The International Labour Organization's Maritime Labour Convention 2006 stipulates that all ships shall carry a medicine chest medical equipment and a medical guide. The International Medical Guide for Ships supports a main principal of that convention; to ensure that seafarers are given health protection and medical care as comparable as possible to that which is generally available to workers ashore. By carrying this guide on board ships and following its instructions countries can both fulfill their obligations under the terms of the Maritime Labour Convention 2006 and ensure the best possible health outcomes for their seafaring population. The Quantification Addendum contains recommended quantities indications and dosing for 55 medicines listed in the International Medical Guide for Ships 3rd edition. The quantities are based on three types of ships: . ocean-going ships with crews of 25-40 and no doctor (Category A); . coastal ships with crews of up to 25 that travel no more than 24 hours from a port of call (Category B); and . small boats and private craft with crews of 15 or less and usually travelling no more than a few hours from a port of call (Category C). These quantities have been updated to reflect the decrease of crew numbers on most ships and calculated for voyages of one month. This companion volume to the International Medical Guide for Ships provides essential guidance to all those who involved in the procurement purchasing stock maintenance and use of medicines to promote and protect the health of seafarers worldwide.

Awareness of the dangers of toxic components in antifouling coatings has raised interest in the potential for nontoxic alternatives. Marine organisms from bacteria to invertebrates and plants use chemicals to communicate and defend themselves. This book explores natural based antifoulants, their ecological functions, methods of characterisation and possible uses in antifouling. The text takes on the challenge of identifying such compounds, designing sustainable production and incorporating them into antifouling coatings.

A comprehensive, global review of the impact ships have on the environment, covering pollutant discharges, non-pollutant impacts and international legislation.