This Brief reviews a number of techniques exploiting the surrogate-based optimization concept and variable-fidelity EM simulations for efficient optimization of antenna structures. The introduction of each method is illustrated with examples of antenna design. The authors demonstrate the ways in which practitioners can obtain an optimized antenna design at the computational cost corresponding to a few high-fidelity EM simulations of the antenna structure. There is also a discussion of the selection of antenna model fidelity and its influence on performance of the surrogate-based design process. This volume is suitable for electrical engineers in academia as well as industry, antenna designers and engineers dealing with computationally-expensive design problems.

Focused on efficient simulation-driven multi-fidelity optimization techniques, this monograph on simulation-driven optimization covers simulations utilizing physics-based low-fidelity models, often based on coarse-discretization simulations or other types of simplified physics representations, such as analytical models. The methods presented in the book exploit as much as possible any knowledge about the system or device of interest embedded in the low-fidelity model with the purpose of reducing the computational overhead of the design process. Most of the techniques described in the book are of response correction type and can be split into parametric (usually based on analytical formulas) and non-parametric, i.e., not based on analytical formulas. The latter, while more complex in implementation, tend to be more efficient. The book presents a general formulation of response correction techniques as well as a number of specific methods, including those based on correcting the low-fidelity model response (output space mapping, manifold mapping, adaptive response correction and shape-preserving response prediction), as well as on suitable modification of design specifications. Detailed formulations, application examples and the discussion of advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are also included. The book demonstrates the use of the discussed techniques for solving real-world engineering design problems, including applications in microwave engineering, antenna design, and aero/hydrodynamics.

On the other hand, various interactions between microwave devices and their environment, such as feeding structures and housing, must be taken into account, and this is only possible through full-wave EM analysis. Electromagnetic simulations can be highly accurate, but they tend to be computationally expensive. Therefore, practical design optimization methods have to be computationally efficient, so that the number of CPU-intensive high-fidelity EM simulations is reduced as much as possible during the design process. For the same reasons, techniques for creating fast yet accurate models of microwave structures become crucially important. In this edited book, the authors strive to review the state-of-the-art simulation-driven microwave design optimization and modeling. A group of international experts specialized in various aspects of microwave computer-aided design summarize and review a wide range of the latest developments and real-world applications.

The book addresses surrogate-assisted design of antenna arrays, in particular, how surrogate models, both data-driven and physics-based, can be utilized to expedite procedures such as parametric optimization, design closure, statistical analysis, or fault detection. Algorithms and design frameworks are illustrated using a large variety of examples including real-world printed-circuit antenna and antenna array structures.This unique compendium contains introductory materials concerning numerical optimization, both conventional (gradient-based and derivative-free, including metaheuristics) and surrogate-based, as well as a considerable selection of customized procedures developed specifically to handle antenna array problems. Recommendations concerning practical aspects of surrogate-assisted multi-objective antenna optimization are also given. The methods presented allow for cost-efficient handling of antenna array design problems (involving CPU-intensive EM models) in the context of design optimization and statistical analysis, which will benefit both researchers, designers and graduate students.

This book addresses computationally-efficient multi-objective optimization of antenna structures using variable-fidelity electromagnetic simulations, surrogate modeling techniques, and design space reduction methods. Based on contemporary research, it formulates multi-objective design tasks, highlights related challenges in the context of antenna design, and discusses solution approaches. Specific focus is on providing methodologies for handling computationally expensive simulation models of antenna structures in the sense of their multi-objective optimization. Also given is a summary of recent developments in antenna design optimization using variable-fidelity simulation models. Numerous examples of real-world antenna design problems are provided along with discussions and recommendations for the readers interested in applying the considered methods in their design work.Written with researchers and students in mind, topics covered can also be applied across a broad spectrum of aeronautical, mechanical, electrical, biomedical and civil engineering. It is of particular interest to those dealing with optimization, computationally expensive design tasks and simulation-driven design.

This book discusses response feature technology and its applications to modeling, optimization, and computer-aided design of high-frequency structures including antenna and microwave components. By exploring the specific structure of the system outputs, feature-based approaches facilitate simulation-driven design procedures, both in terms of improving their computational efficiency and reliability. These benefits are associated with the weakly nonlinear relationship between feature point coordinates and design variables, which—in the context of optimization—leads to inherent regularization of the objective functions. The book provides an overview of the subject, a definition and extraction of characteristic points, and feature-based design problem reformulation. It also outlines a number of numerical algorithms developed to handle local, global, and multi-criterial design, surrogate modeling, as well as uncertainty quantification. The discussed frameworks are extensively illustrated using examples of real microwave and antenna structures, along with numerous design cases. Introductory material on simulation-driven design, numerical optimization, as well as behavioral and physics-based surrogate modeling is also included. The book will be useful for readers working in the area of high-frequency electronics, including microwave engineering, antenna design, microwave photonics, magnetism and especially those who utilize electromagnetic (EM) simulation models in their daily routines.

This book discusses surrogate modeling of high-frequency structures including antenna and microwave components. The focus is on constrained or performance-driven surrogates. The presented techniques aim at addressing the limitations of conventional modeling methods, pertinent to the issues of dimensionality and parameter ranges that need to be covered by the surrogate to ensure its design utility. Within performance-driven methodologies, mitigation of these problems is achieved through appropriate confinement of the model domain, focused on the regions promising from the point of view of the relevant design objectives. This enables the construction of reliable surrogates at a fraction of cost required by conventional methods, and to accomplish the modeling tasks where other techniques routinely fail. The book provides a broad selection of specific frameworks, extensively illustrated using examples of real-world microwave and antenna structures along with numerous design examples. Furthermore, the book contains introductory material on data-driven and physics-based surrogates. The book will be useful for the readers working in the area of high-frequency electronics, including microwave engineering, antenna design, microwave photonics, magnetism, especially those that utilize electromagnetic (EM) simulation models in their daily routines. Covers performance-driven and constrained modeling methods, not available in other books to date; Discusses of a wide range of practical case studies including a variety of microwave and antenna structures; Includes design applications of the presented modeling frameworks, including single- and multi-objective parametric optimization.