For over a thousand years, the practice of animal sacrifice held a central place in ancient Graeco-Roman culture as a means of both demonstrating piety to the gods and structuring social relationships. As Christianity took root in Rome in the third century CE, the cultural role of this practice changed dramatically. In Animal Sacrifice in the Roman Empire (31 BCE-395 CE), J. B. Rives explores the shifting socio-economic, political, and cultural significance of animal sacrifice in this crucial period of change. Drawing on literary, epigraphic, archaeological, art historical, philosophical, and scriptural evidence, this volume provides a comprehensive and detailed study of the central role of animal sacrifice in the ancient Mediterranean world and traces the changes in its social function and cultural significance during the period when that world became Christianized. By focusing on the evolution of this specific cultural practice, Rives illustrates the larger phenomenon of the religious and cultural transformation taking place in the Graeco-Roman world in the third and fourth centuries CE, providing a unique perspective which will appeal to scholars across religious and classical studies.

"This book explores the changing socio-economic, political, and cultural significance of animal sacrifice in the Roman imperial period. Although animal sacrifice was only one of a wide range of offerings to the gods, it was distinctive in being more costly than many others and in generating a valuable consumer good, high-quality meat. As a result, it functioned to reinforce social structures that enabled the smooth operation of the Roman empire: the socio-economic hierarchies of Graeco-Roman cities, the normative Graeco-Roman culture that bound together urban elites, and the ideological role of the Roman emperor (Part I). At the same time as the practice of animal sacrifice performed these ideological functions, there were also, from an early date, various discourses about animal sacrifice that relocated its meaning from the social to the conceptual sphere, discourses that a range of free-lance experts, from Graeco-Roman philosophers to early Christian leaders, deployed as a means of establishing their own social power (Part II). These two aspects of animal sacrifice, as practice and as discourse, intersected both with each other and with larger economic and political developments in ways that, starting in the mid-3rd century CE, led to its becoming the object of both imperial and ecclesiastical policy. Over the course of the 4th century CE, animal sacrifice was displaced from its central role in the structuring of the empire, redefined as a marker of 'paganism', and eventually prohibited altogether (Part III)"--

The first general critique of the interpretations of animal sacrifice established by Walter Burkert, the late J.-P. Vernant, and Marcel Detienne.

An interdisciplinary exploration of Roman cultural appropriation, offering new insights into the processes through which Rome made and remade itself.

Annotation World History: Cultures, States, and Societies to 1500 offers a comprehensive introduction to the history of humankind from prehistory to 1500. Authored by six USG faculty members with advance degrees in History, this textbook offers up-to-date original scholarship. It covers such cultures, states, and societies as Ancient Mesopotamia, Ancient Israel, Dynastic Egypt, India's Classical Age, the Dynasties of China, Archaic Greece, the Roman Empire, Islam, Medieval Africa, the Americas, and the Khanates of Central Asia. It includes 350 high-quality images and maps, chronologies, and learning questions to help guide student learning. Its digital nature allows students to follow links to applicable sources and videos, expanding their educational experience beyond the textbook. It provides a new and free alternative to traditional textbooks, making World History an invaluable resource in our modern age of technology and advancement.

Shows how Europe's barbarians, strengthened by centuries of contact with Rome on many levels, turned into an enemy capable of overturning and dismantling the mighty Empire.