This report presents results from an analysis of about 47,000 red light violation records collected from 11 intersections in the City of Sacramento, California, by red light photo enforcement cameras between May 1999 and June 2003. The goal of this analysis is to understand the correlation between red light violations and various driver, intersection, and environmental factors.

The special focus of these proceedings is on the areas of infrastructure engineering and sustainability management. They provide detailed information on innovative research developments in construction materials and structures, in addition to a compilation of interdisciplinary findings combining nano-materials and engineering. The coverage of cutting-edge infrastructure and sustainability issues in engineering includes earthquakes, bioremediation, synergistic management, timber engineering, flood management and intelligent transport systems.

At head of title: National Cooperative Highway Research Program.

Methods of advanced data collecting and their analysis, models which help with decision problems as well as technical solutions which improve the integrity of contemporary transport systems at urban area are only some of many problems connected with integration in passenger and freight transport which have been discussed in this book. The book expresses case study-based scientific and practical approach to the problems of contemporary transport systems. The proposed methods and models enable a system approach to assess current solutions. In turn, implementation proposals may support the improvement of the integrity of individual elements of transport systems, and thus increase its effectiveness on the global scale. With regard to the research results discussed and the selected solutions applied, the book primarily addresses the needs of three target groups: • Scientists and researchers (ITS field) • Local authorities (responsible for the transport systems at the urban and regional level) • Representatives of business (traffic strategy management) and industry (manufacturers of ITS components). This book gathers selected papers presented at the 15th Scientific and Technical Conference “Transport Systems. Theory and Practice” organised by the Department of Transport Systems and Traffic Engineering at the Faculty of Transport of the Silesian University of Technology. The conference was held in Katowice, Poland on September 17–19, 2018.

Red light running, which is defined as the act of a motorist entering an intersection after the traffic signal has turned red, caused almost 5,000 crashes in Virginia in 2003, resulting in at least 18 deaths and more than 3,800 injuries. In response to a June 2, 2004, directive from Virginia Secretary of Transportation Whittington W. Clement, an evaluation of the photo-red enforcement programs that operate in Virginia was undertaken. Generally, Virginia's photo-red programs are technically feasible. Case law strongly indicates that the programs pass legal muster in the three key areas: privacy, equal protection, and due process, and public opinion surveys suggest that roughly two-thirds of respondents support red light cameras. There is, however, a practical issue with regard to issuing citations for out-of-state motorists, as noted in the report. Although an economic analysis was not feasible in the study time frame, a limited fiscal analysis suggests that, in general, Virginia localities are not generating net revenue. Finally, an operational analysis based on violations and crashes shows a potential but not definite safety improvement. The cameras clearly affect driver behavior; across the 23 intersections where reliable citation data could be obtained, citations decreased by an average of 21% per intersection. Further the data show that the cameras are correlated with a definite decrease in crashes that are directly attributable to red light running, a definite increase in rear-end crashes, a possible decrease in angle crashes, a net decrease in injury crashes attributable to red light running, and an increase in total injury crashes. More time is needed to determine whether the severity of the eliminated red light running crashes was greater than that of the induced rear-end crashes. The report recommends that Virginia's photo-red enforcement programs be continued for an additional year to resolve this question and to collect additional data that was not feasible during the 6-month time frame of this report.