During the 1990s, the governments of South Asian countries acted as ‘facilitators’ to attract FDI. As a result, the inflow of FDI increased. However, to become an attractive FDI destination as China, Singapore, or Brazil, South Asia has to improve the local conditions of doing business. This book, based on research that blends theory, empirical evidence, and policy, asks and attempts to answer a few core questions relevant to FDI policy in South Asian countries: Which major reforms have succeeded? What are the factors that influence FDI inflows? What has been the impact of FDI on macroeconomic performance? Which policy priorities/reforms needed to boost FDI are pending? These questions and answers should interest policy makers, academics, and all those interested in FDI in the South Asian region and in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Pakistan.

QUOTEWe live in an increasingly interconnected world. Trade flows worldwide are growing rapidly and global production patterns are shifting as countries follow their comparative advantage in production via trade. At the same time, however, there is growing concern about potential adverse environmental impacts from increasing trade.QUOTE--John A. Dixon, Lead Economist, The Environment Department, World BankInterest in the trade and environment debate has intensified as a result of international trade agreements and because many proposed solutions to the climate change problem have potential implications for the global trading system. Clearly more empirical work is needed to inform the debate, guide policymakers toward solutions, and help set priorities.This volume is an attempt to further our understanding of the empirical links between trade and the environment. Thirteen chapters, which were presented as papers at a World Bank conference in April 1998, focus on three main themes:1. Effects of trade liberalization and growth on the environment2. The QUOTEpollution havenQUOTE hypothesis3. Economic instruments for resolving global environmental problemsThe papers address a number of different issues within each of the themes, offering new data or new questions and approaches. They are devoted to deepening our understanding and empirical knowledge of the various effects of trade liberalization. Only through a firm understanding of the linkages involved can well-founded policy advice be formulated.

Global warming has led to increasing climate risks, and climate change is a global issue facing mankind. Therefore, most developed countries have set a clear goal of achieving carbon neutrality after reaching peak carbon emissions. In the context of global warming, "low-carbon economy" based on low energy consumption and low pollution has become a global popular research topic. At present, the international community has formed a consensus on green transformation and taken practical actions. At the same time, the achievement of the carbon neutrality goal has highlighted the importance of public health, and therefore, a series of new research directions are emerging, and how to develop a low-carbon economy and protect public health while achieving the carbon neutrality goal has become an important issue. In the post-epidemic era, economic recovery and public health issues need to be addressed, and a low-carbon economy and public health will face even greater challenges, with carbon neutrality goals placing this issue at the forefront. For this Research Topic, we would like submissions that provide research results on topics such as green development, green low carbon, resource conservation, low carbon economy, low carbon development, low carbon living, low carbon living, low carbon society, population health, health distribution, health awareness, health behavior, and public health. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approaches are welcome to explore the low carbon economy and public health from multiple perspectives. - The developmental history of the low-carbon economy, the level of development, and the evaluation of the level of development. - The many challenges faced by the low-carbon economy in the development process and how to deal with the challenges in the development process. - The development of a low carbon economy is influenced by a variety of factors, such as low carbon investment, policy norms, technology development, energy development, and digitalization levels, etc. We would like research works which study the factors that influence the development of a low carbon economy. - Analyze which industries will have an impact on the development of a low carbon economy, including but not limited to the energy industry, transportation industry, and construction industry. - To study the factors that affect the development of public health and how to improve public health. - To study the impact of residential environment, sports environment, community environment, etc. on public health. - To study the methods used in studies related to the development of a low-carbon economy and public health development. - To analyze the impact of the development of a low-carbon economy on other industries, such as international trade, the real estate industry, and tourism.

Considerable increases in economic growth and development, population, and urbanization have been experienced in the world as of the industrial revolution, but significant environmental degradation, climate change, resource depletion, inequality in education and income, gender inequality, and poverty have accompanied these developments. In this context, the joint efforts of the United Nations and countries have led to the emergence of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development consisting of 17 sustainable development goals to overcome these problems. One of the sustainable development goals is quality education. Education can influence the achievement of other sustainable development goals through various channels. Considerations on Education for Economic, Social, and Environmental Sustainability explores the impact of education on the main components of sustainable development consisting of economic, environmental, and social sustainability. Covering topics such as business transformation, transitional innovation, and the professional integration of graduates, this premier reference source is an excellent resource for business leaders, government officials, sociologists, educators of higher and K-12 education, preservice teachers, administrators, policymakers, researchers, and academicians.

In response to the damage caused by a growth-led global economy, researchers across the world started investigating the association between environmental pollution and its possible determinants using different models and techniques. Most famously, the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesizes an inverted U-shaped association between environmental quality and gross domestic product (GDP). This book explores the latest literature on the environmental Kuznets curve, including developments in the methodology, the impacts of the pandemic, and other recent findings. Researchers have recently broadened the range of the list of drivers of environmental pollution under consideration, which now includes variables such as foreign direct investment, trade expansion, financial development, human activities, population growth, and renewable and nonrenewable energy resources, all of which vary across different countries and times. And in addition to CO2 emissions, other proxies for environmental quality – such as water, land, and ecological footprints – have been used in recent studies. This book also incorporates analysis of the relationship between economic growth and the environment during the COVID-19 crisis, presenting new empirical work on the impact of the pandemic on energy use, the financial sector, trade, and tourism. Collectively, these developments have improved the direction and extent of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis and broadened the basket of dependent and independent variables which may be incorporated. This book will be invaluable reading for researchers in environmental economics and econometrics.

By introducing emissions as an input in an aggregate production function, The Impact of Environmental Emissions and Aggregate Economic Activity on Industry: Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives enhances an awareness of the trade-off between emissions and growth where the intersection between economy and environment needs it most.