This accessible biography treats al-Ma'mum (786-833) as the product of his age, which was a formative period in the development of Islamic law and theology. It presents him in his many facets: rebel, rationalist, scientist, poet, politician, warrior, inquisitor, and self-proclaimed defender of the faith. Drawing on contemporary sources, some friendly and others hostile, it offers a comprehensive portrait of a fascinating figure in Islamic history.

After constant control and conflict between the Roman Empire and the Persian Empire that lasted for hundreds of years, a new power rose on the land of the Middle East. This power was able, in a very record time, to control many lands belonging to the Persian state and also the Roman state, to the point that the new power was able to completely eliminate the Persian Empire. Indeed, the new state founded by the Prophet Muhammad from Medina was able to expand and rise to the point that it extended from Spain in the west to the borders of China in the east. The foundations laid by the Prophet Muhammad and the rules upon which the state was built, which were based in the beginning on a religious basis, but with time did not The Muslim caliphs are committed to this matter, and as a result of these caliphs’ control over the land that was under the control of the Persians and Romans, the Muslim caliphs began to imitate these princes and rulers, whether in the way they dress or even live in palaces and indulge in a life of entertainment and luxury, which over time led to the loss of some values. Which the Muslim caliphs inherited from the Prophet Muhammad, and began to be replaced by the love of money and power, to the point that some Muslim rulers went so far as to cause strife and conflicts between some rulers for the sake of power. This caused Islamic countries to enter into long periods of wars, conflicts, and strikes as a result of the conflict between Muslim rulers over power. Authority: In this book, we will review the most prominent periods of conflicts and wars between Muslim rulers throughout the Islamic eras.

Moosa's exhaustive discussion, demonstrating the influence of both Western and Islamic ideology and culture, presents many works of fiction for the first time to Western students of Arabic literature.