The U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory has supported the helicopter medical evacuation mission throughout its rapid growth. The concept of dedicated evacuation helicopters and crews has been well proven during the Vietnam Conflict. Concurrent with this development has been the rapid emergence of the civilian emergency medical services within the Continental U.S. The utilization of the military helicopter in a joint role with the civilian community, the Military Assistance to Safety and Traffic, as well as in its combat evacuation role requires combined emphasis and upgrading of medical equipment and procedures.