Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that is revolutionizing the way we detect and treat damage to the human body. Nanomedicine applies nanotechnology to highly specific medical interventions for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. They are increasingly being used to overcome biological barriers in the body to improve the way we deliver compounds to specific tissues and organs. In particular, nanomedicines have been shown to be beneficial for stabilizing therapeutic compounds, overcoming obstacles to cellular and tissue uptake, and improving biodistribution of compounds to target sites in vivo. Nanomedicines have demonstrated significant therapeutic advantages for a multitude of biomedical applications, however the clinical translation of these nanotechnology platforms has not progressed as quickly as the plethora of positive results would have suggested. Understanding the advances in nanomedicine to date and the challenges that still need to be overcome, will allow future research to improve on existing platforms and to address the current translational and regulatory limitations. This eBook “Advances and Challenges in Nanomedicine” has brought together experts in the fields of nanomedicine, nanotechnology, nanotoxicology, pharmaceutics, manufacturing, and translation to discuss the application of nanotechnology to drug delivery. This information is presented as original research, opinion, perspective, and review articles. The goal of this eBook is to generate collaborative discussion on the current status, general trends, challenges, strategies, and future direction of pharmaceutical nanotechnology, as well as highlight current and emerging nanoparticulate platforms with potential medical applications.

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Systems covers the core concepts and latest research regarding the use of nanoscale materials for the development and application of drug delivery systems. The book introduces the reader to nanotechnology in drug delivery, covering the synthesis, encapsulation techniques, characterization and key properties of nanoscale drug delivery systems. Later chapters review the broad range of target applications, including site-specific delivery of drugs for cardiovascular disease, cancer, bacterial infection, bone regeneration. and much more. This book helps translate advanced research into a clinical setting, analyzing the toxicity and health and safety challenges associated with utilizing nanotechnology in biomedicine. This will be a useful reference for those interested in nano-sized drug delivery in biomedicine, including academics and researchers in materials science, biomedical engineering, pharmaceutical science and related disciplines. Provides a clear introduction to nanotechnology in drug delivery, covering key principles, synthesis, characterization and unique properties of nanoscale materials for drug delivery systems“/li> Discusses preclinical, clinical and patented nano-drug delivery systems, enabling the reader to grasp the current state-of-the-art and market Covers a broad range of targets for nanoscale drug delivery systems, such as in neurological disorders, oral disease, renal disease, cancer, skin protection, and much more

Advances in Nanomedicine for the Delivery of Therapeutic Nucleic Acids addresses several issues related to safe and effective delivery of nucleic acids (NAs) using nanoparticles. A further emphasis would be laid on the mechanism of delivery of NAs, the barriers encountered and the strategies adapted to combat them. An exhaustive account of the advantages as well shortcomings of all the delivery vectors being employed in delivery of various NAs will be provided. On final note the regulatory aspects of nanoparticles mediated NA would be discussed, with focus on their clinical relevance. The design and development of nucleic acid-based therapeutics for the treatment of diseases arising from genetic abnormalities has made significant progress over the past few years. NAs have been widely explored for the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases or to block cell proliferation and thereby caused diseases. Advances in synthetic oligonucleotide chemistry resulted in synthesis of NAs that are relatively stable in in vivo environments. However, cellular targeting and intracellular delivery of NAs still remains a challenge. Further development of NA-based therapeutics depends on the progress of safe and effective carriers for systemic administration. Nanomedicine has facilitated availability of vectors with diminished cytotoxicity and enhanced efficacy which are rapidly emerging as systems of choice. These vectors protect NAs from enzymatic degradation by forming condensed complexes along with targeted tissue and cellular delivery. During the past few years, a myriad reports have appeared reporting delivery of NAs mediated by nanoparticles. This book will provide an overview of nanoparticles being employed in the in vitro and in vivo delivery of therapeutically relevant NAs like DNA, siRNA, LNA, PNA, etc. Provides a complete overview of the applicatiosn of nanomedicine in the delivery of nucleic acids, from characterization of nanoparticles, to in vitro and in vivo studies Discusses delivery issues of less well explored nucleic acids, like PNAs, Ribozymes, DNAzymes, etc. Summarizes the current state of research in nucleic acid delivery and underscores the future of nanomedicine in this field

The nanosciences are a rapidly expanding field of research with a wide applicability to all areas of health. They encompass a variety of technologies ranging from particles to networks and nanostructures. This book focuses on the application of nanomedicine and nanotechnology to cancer. It introduces nanocarriers, nanorods, nanoprobes nanoplatforms, nanorings, nanotubes nanowires, nano-sensor arrays and a variety of methodological techniques. This is done within the framework of numerous cancer types. Contributors are all leading experts and are carrying out groundbreaking work. The book is essential reading for oncologists, research scientists, doctors, health care professionals, pathologists, biologists, biochemists, chemists and physicists as well as those interested in disease and nanosciences or cancer in general.

This book introduces the latest methods for the controlled growth of nanomaterial systems. The coverage includes simple and complex nanomaterial systems, ordered nanostructures and complex nanostructure arrays, and the essential conditions for the controlled growth of nanostructures with different morphologies, sizes, compositions, and microstructures. The book also discusses the dynamics of controlled growth and thermodynamic characteristics of two-dimensional nanorestricted systems. The authors introduce various novel synthesis methods for nanomaterials and nanostructures, such as hierarchical growth, heterostructures growth, doping growth and some developing template synthesis methods. In addition to discussing applications, the book reviews developing trends in nanomaterials and nanostructures.

The rise of bio- and nano-technology in the last decades has led to the emergence of a new and unique type of medicine known as non-biological complex drugs (NBCDs). This book illustrates the challenges associated with NBCD development, as well as the complexity of assessing the effects of manufacturing changes on innovator and follow-on batches of NBCDs. It also touches upon proven marketing authorization requirements for biosimilars that could be effective in evaluating follow-on NBCDs, including a demonstration of control over the manufacturing process and a need for detailed physico-chemical characterization and (pre)clinical tests. This book is meant to be used for years to come as a standard reference work for the development of NBCDs. Moreover, this book aims to stimulate discussions and further our thinking to ensure that decisions regarding the approval of complex drugs are made with relevant scientific data on the table.