Between 1940 and 1945, thousands of African Americans migrated from the South to the East Bay Area of northern California in search of the social and economic mobility that was associated with the region's expanding defense industry and its reputation for greater racial tolerance. Drawing on fifty oral interviews with migrants as well as on archival and other written records, Abiding Courage examines the experiences of the African American women who migrated west and built communities there. Gretchen Lemke-Santangelo vividly shows how women made the transition from southern domestic and field work to jobs in an industrial, wartime economy. At the same time, they were struggling to keep their families together, establishing new households, and creating community-sustaining networks and institutions. While white women shouldered the double burden of wage labor and housework, black women faced even greater challenges: finding houses and schools, locating churches and medical services, and contending with racism. By focusing on women, Lemke-Santangelo provides new perspectives on where and how social change takes place and how community is established and maintained.

Abiding Courage: African American Migrant Women and the East Bay Community

This in-depth study focuses on black women migrants to the North and in doing so examines the interaction of race, class, regionalism, and gender during the early years of the 20th century.

"... Offers hundreds of practical and valuable tips on influencing the important people in your life: your friends, your customers, your business associates, your employers"--Cover, P. [4].

Drawing on Dale Carnegie's years of experience as a business trainer this book will show you how to overcome the natural fear of public speaking, to become a successful speaker and even learn to enjoy it.

Book 1: Develop self-confidence with “How to Develop Self Confidence and Improve Public Speaking: Dale Carnegie's Guide to Empowerment.” Carnegie's guide provides practical techniques for enhancing self-confidence and improving public speaking skills, empowering individuals to express themselves with conviction. Book 2: Master the art of persuasion and influence with “The Art of Public Speaking by Dale Carnegie.” Carnegie's expertise shines in this guide, offering insights into effective communication, persuasive techniques, and the ability to captivate audiences, empowering readers to become confident speakers.

"An eloquent and essential correction to contemporary discussions of the American working class."—The Nation From the ongoing issues of poverty, health, housing, and employment to the recent upsurge of lethal police-community relations, the black working class stands at the center of perceptions of social and racial conflict today. Journalists and public policy analysts often discuss the black poor as “consumers” rather than “producers,” as “takers” rather than “givers,” and as “liabilities” instead of “assets.” In his engrossing history, Workers on Arrival, Joe William Trotter, Jr., refutes these perceptions by charting the black working class’s vast contributions to the making of America. Covering the last four hundred years since Africans were first brought to Virginia in 1619, Trotter traces the complicated journey of black workers from the transatlantic slave trade to the demise of the industrial order in the twenty-first century. At the center of this compelling, fast-paced narrative are the actual experiences of these African American men and women. A dynamic and vital history of remarkable contributions despite repeated setbacks, Workers on Arrival expands our understanding of America’s economic and industrial growth, its cities, ideas, and institutions, and the real challenges confronting black urban communities today.