Excerpt from A Method of Measuring Mean Temperatures in the Field Cane sugar (saccharose, sucrose) dissolved in water is converted into dextrose and fructose by the action of hydrogen ions. The cane sugar is in verted. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Excerpt from Methods of Measuring Temperature The present volume is written for those concerned with the measure ment of temperature, whether in scientific investigations or in the control of industrial operations. Attention has been devoted chiefly to the experimental basis of the methods in general use, the calibration of the instruments, and the precautions which must be observed in practice. While the volume is complete. In itself, it is assumed that the reader is conversant with the fundamental principles of physics, and the aim has been to extend the general treatment given in standard text-books, such as those Of Poynting and Thomson. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Excerpt from High Temperature Measurement by Electric Means The accurate measurement of high temperatures has come to be a very essential feature of many industrial pro cesses. The pyrometer makes it possible to reproduce with precision any temperature that has been found to yield the best results in Operations requiring careful heat treatment. In the making of tinted glass, for example, the preper regu lation of the temperature of the furnace is necessary to pre vent burning out the color. Instead of depending upon the workman to judge of the condition of the material with his eye, the manufacturer gives instructions to maintain the heat at a certain temperature, knowing then that the output will be of a certain uniform grade. In this manner the variable human element is eliminated and waste prevented. The temper ing of tools, the burning of ceramic products, the Operation of gas producers, the manufacture of iron and steel and the annealing of castings are a few examples of processes that may be carried on to better advantage with the aid of refined methods of measuring high temperatures. The recording pyro meter is rapidly coming into use as an efficient means of eu pervising processes requiring heat treatment. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Excerpt from The Measurement of High Temperatures The enormous differences above mentioned in the estimations of high temperatures are much more the result of the diversity of the scales than due to the errors Of the measurements them selves. Thus the experiments on solar radiation which have led to values varying from I 500° to 1, ooo, ooo° are based on measure ments which do not dier among themselves by more than 2 5 per cent. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Excerpt from The Measurement of Steady and Fluctuating Temperatures This book is intended to give a concise account of modern methods of measuring both steady and fluctuating temperatures and to indicate their applications in industrial practice. Until recently the mercury thermometer provided the only important method of measuring temperatures in which most engineers could place any degree of confidence. But the need of some reliable means of measuring high temperatures beyond the range of ordinary thermometers led physicists to experiment with and to perfect other methods, in particular the thermo-couple and platinum resistance thermometers or pyrometers, and also radiation and optical pyrometers. In their hands these methods became so reliable under skilful operation that, with the increasing technical skill of engineers and metallurgists, their use has extended rapidly in industrial practice as a means of measuring or controlling the temperatures of gases, furnaces, solid and molten metals, etc. In some cases they have replaced the more or less haphazard method of guessing these temperatures by appearances, and their use in this direction is rapidly extending. In other cases, particularly in certain metallurgical operations, the temperatures need to be regulated so closely that a reliable means of measuring the temperatures makes all the difference between success and failure. Again, mercury thermometers are of little use in measuring the temperature of a thin metal wall or in following any rapidly fluctuating temperature with reasonable accuracy, and such measurements were only possible when the present methods became available. The accurate measurement of temperature is also important in problems associated with the transmission of heat. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Excerpt from Mean Temperatures and Their Corrections in the United States C. The time of the occurrence of the minimum temperature, making allowance for the season and the time of sunrise, is also determined' by the nature of the locality. Over a purely marine locality the minimum occurs always a certain time (from 1 to 2 hours) before sunrise, and over dry and arid regions, in the interior of continents, and especially in deserts, almost exactly at the time of sunrise or a little (15 minutes) later. In the winter months, however, the time of the occurrence of the mini. Mum is always much earlier than sunrise, and so it is only in localities with continental climates that the minimum occurs m winter about the time of sunrise, as follows. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.