Impact of Europeans on Aborigines of Victorias Western District in the 1840s; treatment of Aborigines by Europeans; violent conflict; killing of Aborigines; Aboriginal women; relationship to land; population; Charles Joseph La Trobe; George Augustus Robinson, Protector of Aborigines; health conditions.

Jan Critchett challenges some of strongly held opinions about Aboriginal culture: that their only shelters were frail mia-mias, that they were nomadic and had no attachment to a particular area of land, and that they were simple hunters and gatherers. With a particular focus on the Western District of Victoria, known under the Squatting Act as Portland Bay, Critchett begins and ends the book with the story of Hissing Swan or Kaawirn Kuunawarn.

Declan O'Malley came to the coast of British Columbia because it was as far away from Ireland as he could go. He immerses himself in a new life, seeking to produce a more perfect translation of Homer's Odyssey. But Declan cannot free himself from his past, and when Ireland beckons, he is drawn to his own history.

This "cunningly plotted" (New York Times) thriller is coming to Britbox this October! Bestselling, award-winning author Val McDermid delivers her most stunning story yet in The Distant Echo--an intricate, thought-provoking tale of murder and revenge. Four in the morning, mid-December, and snow blankets St. Andrews School. Student Alex Gilbery and his three best friends are staggering home from a party when they stumble upon the body of a young woman. Rosie Duff has been raped, stabbed and left for dead in the ancient Pictish cemetery. The only suspects are the four young students stained with her blood. Twenty-five years later, police mount a cold case review. Among the unsolved murders they're examining is that of Rosie Duff. But someone else has his own idea of justice. One of the original quartet dies in a suspicious house fire and soon after, a second is killed. Alex fears the worst. Someone is taking revenge for Rosie Duff. And it might just save his life if he can uncover who really killed Rosie all those years ago.

Short-listed for the 2005 Ethel Wilson Fiction Prize Declan O’Malley came to the coast of British Columbia because it was as far away from Ireland as he could possibly go. Haunted by memories of his family’s death at the hands of the Black and Tans, Declan is unable to escape his grief. He immerses himself in a new life, seeking to produce a more perfect translation of Homer’s Odyssey while at the same time becoming closer to the family on whose property he is living. But Declan cannot free himself from his past, and when Ireland beckons, he is drawn to his own history and to the opportunity for a happier future.

Sounding 4 begins with the first narrative of squatter George Russell followed by an echo on magistrate, soldier and later Crown Lands Commissioner for the Western District ‘Flogger’ Fyans. Expansion west and north-west from Geelong soon causes the Colac tribal collapse and later the government-sanctioned revenge massacre of the Gadubanud Cape Otway clans. Then follows the dispossession timeline of the Geelong / Ballarat Wathaurong people and the extensive contributions by Ian D Smith on Aboriginal geography and languages of the west, with clan organization, mechanisms of dispossession, Aboriginal responses, a geography of disruption and Aboriginal perceptions of Europeans in 19th century Victoria. For contrast is a section SANITIZED ‘FRONTIER’ PROFILES OF PROMINENT COLONIALS controlling the countryside until largely replaced by the bankers and gold-diggers. Moving further west is an echo titled WINNING & LOSING THE GRAMPIANS AND THE GLENELG RIVER before a complete reproduction of Dr Jan Critchett’s Distant Field of Murder. Ian Clark and George Russell reveal how the western plains were taken over after the ‘vanishing’ of the Djab Wurrung clans around the Hopkins River. Echoes of the KULIN SUNSET COUNTRY SETTLED and A SCOTTISH ARK GROUNDS AT ARARAT are settler versions largely from local history books of reminiscences by successful sheep and cattle pastoralists such as the Learmonth and Russell family dynasties. The sour joke that the Scots had the land, the Irish the pubs and the English the accent, does no justice to the role of guns, germs and money-making… Modern scholarship birthed echoes titled FRONTIER MAYHEM IN THE FAR WEST which include the tribal resistance of Jupiter, Cocknose, Roger, Doctor, Bumbletoe etc. defeated by the likes of Wathaurong guide Bon Jon with CCL Fyans and the mounted Wurundjeri and Bunurong members of Captain Dana’s Native Police. This is followed by Marie Fels on native police action and A. G. L. Shaw on frontier violence, with Dr Critchett’ overview on Framlingham Aboriginal Mission Station. Sounding 4 concludes with aftermath echoes titled KING DAVID, DAWSON’S INFORMANTS & THE CAMPERDOWN GEORGE OBELISK and echo 74: HINDSIGHTS ON THE CULTURE-CLASH FRONTIER. Part 1 of which is on Redmond Barry, terra nullius and the Bon Jon case and part 2 has historian Henry Reynolds challenging our national self-image.

This text is a comprehensive military history of frontier conflict in Australia. Covering the first 50 years of British occupation in Australia, the book examines in detail how both sides fought on the frontier and examines how Aborigines developed a form of warfare differing from tradition.