It is becoming increasingly clear that the two-dimensional layout of devices on computer chips hinders the development of high-performance computer systems. Three-dimensional structures will be needed to provide the performance required to implement computationally intensive tasks. 3-D Nanoelectronic Computer Architecture and Implementation reviews the state of the art in nanoelectronic device design and fabrication and discusses the architectural aspects of 3-D designs, including the possible use of molecular wiring and carbon nanotube interconnections. This is a valuable reference for those involved in the design and development of nanoelectronic devices and technology.

Emphasizes the Basic Principles of Computational Arithmetic and Computational Structure Design Taking an interdisciplinary approach to the nanoscale generation of computer devices and systems, Computer Arithmetics for Nanoelectronics develops a consensus between computational properties provided by data structures and phenomenological properties of nano and molecular technology. Covers All Stages of the Design Cycle, from Task Formulation to Molecular-Based Implementation The book introduces the theoretical base and properties of various data structures, along with techniques for their manipulation, optimization, and implementation. It also assigns the computational properties of logic design data structures to 3D structures, furnishes information-theoretical measures and design aspects, and discusses the testability problem. The last chapter presents a nanoscale prospect for natural computing based on assorted computing paradigms from nature. Balanced Coverage of State-of-the-Art Concepts, Techniques, and Practices Up-to-date, comprehensive, and pragmatic in its approach, this text provides a unified overview of the relationship between the fundamentals of digital system design, computer architectures, and micro- and nanoelectronics.

Decision diagram (DD) techniques are very popular in the electronic design automation (EDA) of integrated circuits, and for good reason. They can accurately simulate logic design, can show where to make reductions in complexity, and can be easily modified to model different scenarios. Presenting DD techniques from an applied perspective, Decision Diagram Techniques for Micro- and Nanoelectronic Design Handbook provides a comprehensive, up-to-date collection of DD techniques. Experts with more than forty years of combined experience in both industrial and academic settings demonstrate how to apply the techniques to full advantage with more than 400 examples and illustrations. Beginning with the fundamental theory, data structures, and logic underlying DD techniques, they explore a breadth of topics from arithmetic and word-level representations to spectral techniques and event-driven analysis. The book also includes abundant references to more detailed information and additional applications. Decision Diagram Techniques for Micro- and Nanoelectronic Design Handbook collects the theory, methods, and practical knowledge necessary to design more advanced circuits and places it at your fingertips in a single, concise reference.

An authoritative summary of the quest for an environmentally sustainable synthesis process of nanomaterials and their application for environmental sustainability Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials for Bioenergy Applications is an important guide that provides information on the fabrication of nanomaterial and the application of low cost, green methods. The book also explores the impact on various existing bioenergy approaches. Throughout the book, the contributors—noted experts on the topic—offer a reliable summary of the quest for an environmentally sustainable synthesis process of nanomaterials and their application to the field of environmental sustainability. The green synthesis of nanoparticles process has been widely accepted as a promising technique that can be applied to a variety of fields. The green nanotechnology-based production processes to fabricate nanomaterials operates under green conditions without the intervention of toxic chemicals. The book’s exploration of more reliable and sustainable processes for the synthesis of nanomaterials, can lead to the commercial application of the economically viability of low-cost biofuels production. This important book: Summarizes the quest for an environmentally sustainable synthesis process of nanomaterials for their application to the field of environmental sustainability Offers an alternate, sustainable green energy approach that can be commercially implemented worldwide Covers recent approaches such as fabrication of nanomaterial that apply low cost, green methods and examines its impact on various existing bioenergy applications Written for researchers, academics and students of nanotechnology, nanosciences, bioenergy, material science, environmental sciences, and pollution control, Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials for Bioenergy Applications is a must-have guide that covers green synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials for cost effective bioenergy applications.

The detection of cancer at its earliest stages is paramount for successful treatment and improved patient outcomes. In recent years, the field of nanotechnology has witnessed significant advancements, and one material that has emerged as a potential game-changer in cancer detection is graphene. Graphene's high surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and ability to interact with biological molecules have paved the way for innovative approaches to diagnosing cancer. Moreover, graphene oxide, a derivative of graphene, has gained significant attention in the field of cancer detection. Its unique properties, including biocompatibility and high photothermal conversion efficiency, enable its use in various imaging techniques. Graphene oxide can selectively accumulate in tumor tissues, enhancing the contrast signals in imaging modalities like optical imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and photoacoustic imaging. This allows for precise visualization and localization of cancerous cells or tissues, aiding in early detection and accurate diagnosis. Features: Provides a comprehensive exploration of carbon, its allotropes, and its significance in emerging applications. Discusses the synthesis and functionalization of graphene on diverse substrates, and modeling approaches employed in graphene research. Details the application of graphene, graphene oxide, and graphyne-based materials on cancer detection. Explores the overview of the wider biological applications of carbon-based materials. This book will serve as a valuable reference source for researchers, academics, and biologists working in R&D and interested in biosensing for the early detection of cancer.

The field of health is an increasingly complex and technical one; and an area in which a more multidisciplinary approach would undoubtedly be beneficial in many ways. This book presents papers from the conference ‘Health – Exploring Complexity: An Interdisciplinary Systems Approach’, held in Munich, Germany, from August 28th to September 2nd 2016. This joint conference unites the conferences of the German Association for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (GMDS), the German Society for Epidemiology (DGEpi), the International Epidemiological Association - European Region, and the European Federation for Medical Informatics (EFMI). These societies already have long-standing experience of integrating the disciplines of medical informatics, biometry, epidemiology and health data management. The book contains over 160 papers, and is divided into 14 sections covering subject areas such as: health and clinical information systems; eHealth and telemedicine; big data and advanced analytics; and evidence-based health informatics, evaluation and education, among many others. The book will be of value to all those working in the field of health and interested in finding new ways to enable the collaboration of different scientific disciplines and the establishment of comprehensive methodological approaches.

This is an exciting stage in the development of organic electronics. It is no longer an area of purely academic interest as increasingly real applications are being developed, some of which are beginning to come on-stream. Areas that have already been commercially developed or which are under intensive development include organic light emitting diodes (for flat panel displays and solid state lighting), organic photovoltaic cells, organic thin film transistors (for smart tags and flat panel displays) and sensors. Within the family of organic electronic materials, liquid crystals are relative newcomers. The first electronically conducting liquid crystals were reported in 1988 but already a substantial literature has developed. The advantage of liquid crystalline semiconductors is that they have the easy processability of amorphous and polymeric semiconductors but they usually have higher charge carrier mobilities. Their mobilities do not reach the levels seen in crystalline organics but they circumvent all of the difficult issues of controlling crystal growth and morphology. Liquid crystals self-organise, they can be aligned by fields and surface forces and, because of their fluid nature, defects in liquid crystal structures readily self-heal. With these matters in mind this is an opportune moment to bring together a volume on the subject of ‘Liquid Crystalline Semiconductors’. The field is already too large to cover in a comprehensive manner so the aim has been to bring together contributions from leading researchers which cover the main areas of the chemistry (synthesis and structure/function relationships), physics (charge transport mechanisms and optical properties) and potential applications in photovoltaics, organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). This book will provide a useful introduction to the field for those in both industry and academia and it is hoped that it will help to stimulate future developments.