The potential for fatigue to negatively affect human performance is well established. Concern about this potential in the aviation context extends back decades, with both airlines and pilots agreeing that fatigue is a safety concern. A more recent consideration is whether and how pilot commuting, conducted in a pilot's off-duty time, may affect fatigue. The National Academy of Sciences was asked to review available information related to the prevalence and characteristics of pilot commuting; sleep, fatigue, and circadian rhythms; airline and regulatory oversight policies; and pilot and airline practices. This interim report summarizes the committee's review to date of the available information. The final report will present a final review, along with the committee's conclusions and recommendations based on the information available during its deliberations.

The book presents an authoritative, comprehensive, and practical guide to modern, evidence-based practice in the field of mental-health assessment, treatment, and care. It features a range of contributions from aviation-related organisations, including different skills and methods that can be used for the clinical assessment of pilots.

The combination of bio-telemetry, sensor networks, communication networks and computing has opened up new areas in the medical field and provided the means for improved health care delivery. Over the past decade therefore reliance on information technology has become very prominent as doing so makes it a lot easier for health practitioners to offer much more efficient health services. This book is a compendium of emerging smart techniques using artificial intelligence for diagnosis, bio-informatics data analysis and biomedical systems. It details innovative applications of neural networks, computer vision, panoramic image processing, electroencephalography, electromyography and specialized information delivery based on smart sensors and communication to support the deaf, control of prosthetic limb, fall detection, cancer detection and fatigue detection. These tools and methods are presented for application in secure transportation, home-based health care and in medical establishments. The state-of-the art coverage provide also practical foundations for further research in biomedical informatics and engineering. Technical topics discussed in the book include: Active detection of driver drowsiness; Myoelectric Control of Limb Prostheses; Electromyography; Electroencephalography; Bio-Signal Telemetry Sensor Networks; Computer Vision in health care delivery; Applications of wireless communication devices in health care delivery Contents: Preface; 1. Neural Networks Based System for Cancer Diagnosis Support; 2. Myoelectric Control of Upper-Limb Prostheses and the Effects of Fatigue; 3. Using Game Consoles for Human Medical Data Collection: in-field applications; 4. An Approach to Fall Detection using Gaussian Distribution of Clustered Knowledge; 5. ZigBee Sensor Network Propagation Analysis for Health-care Application; 6. Dimensionality Reduction in Surface Electromyographic Signals for Pattern Recognition; 7. Assessing a potential electroencephalography based algorithm during a monotonous train driving task in train drivers; 8. Detecting Driver Drowsiness with Examples using EEG and Body Movement; 9. Cortical Width Measurement Based On Panoramic Radiographs Using Computer-Aided System; 10. Development of a Computer Vision Application for Surgical Skill Training and Assessment; 11. Information Delivery System for Deaf People at a Larger Disaster; Author Index; Keyword

TRB’s Commercial Truck and Bus Safety Synthesis Program (CTBSSP) Synthesis 19: Effects of Psychoactive Chemicals on Commercial Driver Health and Performance: Stimulants, Hypnotics, Nutritional, and Other Supplements identifies available information and research gaps relating to the use of chemical substances by commercial drivers and is intended to provide up-to-date information to inform decision makers about the near-, mid-, and long-range planning needs for research and educational outreach programs.

Nearly everyone experiences fatigue, but some professions--such as aviation, medicine and the military--demand alert, precise, rapid, and well-informed decision making and communication with little margin for error. The potential for fatigue to negatively affect human performance is well established. Concern about this potential in the aviation context extends back decades, with both airlines and pilots agreeing that fatigue is a safety concern. A more recent consideration is whether and how pilot commuting, conducted in a pilot's off-duty time, may affect fatigue during flight duty. In summer 2010 the U.S. Congress directed the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to update the federal regulations that govern pilot flight and duty time, taking into account recent research related to sleep and fatigue. As part of their directive, Congress also instructed FAA to have the National Academy of Sciences conduct a study on the effects of commuting on pilot fatigue. The Effects of Commuting on Pilot Fatigue reviews research and other information related to the prevalence and characteristics of commuting; to the science of sleep, fatigue, and circadian rhythms; to airline and regulatory oversight policies; and to pilot and airline practices. The Effects of Commuting on Pilot Fatigue discusses the policy, economic, and regulatory issues that affect pilot commuting, and outlines potential next steps, including recommendations for regulatory or administrative actions, or further research by the FAA.

Industrial revolutions have impacted both, manufacturing and service. From the steam engine to digital automated production, the industrial revolutions have conduced significant changes in operations and supply chain management (SCM) processes. Swift changes in manufacturing and service systems have led to phenomenal improvements in productivity. The fast-paced environment brings new challenges and opportunities for the companies that are associated with the adaptation to the new concepts such as Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber Physical Systems, artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, cyber security, data analytics, block chain and cloud technology. These emerging technologies facilitated and expedited the birth of Logistics 4.0. Industrial Revolution 4.0 initiatives in SCM has attracted stakeholders’ attentions due to it is ability to empower using a set of technologies together that helps to execute more efficient production and distribution systems. This initiative has been called Logistics 4.0 of the fourth Industrial Revolution in SCM due to its high potential. Connecting entities, machines, physical items and enterprise resources to each other by using sensors, devices and the internet along the supply chains are the main attributes of Logistics 4.0. IoT enables customers to make more suitable and valuable decisions due to the data-driven structure of the Industry 4.0 paradigm. Besides that, the system’s ability of gathering and analyzing information about the environment at any given time and adapting itself to the rapid changes add significant value to the SCM processes. In this peer-reviewed book, experts from all over the world, in the field present a conceptual framework for Logistics 4.0 and provide examples for usage of Industry 4.0 tools in SCM. This book is a work that will be beneficial for both practitioners and students and academicians, as it covers the theoretical framework, on the one hand, and includes examples of practice and real world.