Build literacy skills and social studies content-area knowledge with this nonfiction title! This 6-Pack offers an integrated English language arts approach that specifically addresses California content standards for history-social science, as well as reading, writing, and English language development standards. Students will learn more about the 19th century inventions that accelerated growth and change in the United States including canals, steamboats, telegraphs, locomotives, and other advances that increased commerce and communication. Breathe life into the pages of history with primary sources that offer significant clues on what life might have been like during the 19th century. This 6-Pack includes six copies of this title and a lesson plan that aligns to California's History-Social Science Content Standards.

Excite students as they learn more about the nineteenth century inventions that accelerated growth and change in the United States in the 1800s. With the 19th Century Innovations: Paving the Way 6-Pack, students will explore the innovations introduced during the century of change, including canal and lock systems in the nation's waterways, steamboats, telegraphs, locomotives, and other advances that increased commerce and communication. Breathe life into the pages of history with primary source documents that offer significant clues on what life might have been like during the 19th century. Authentic artifacts, including maps, government documents, and other primary sources offer an intimate glimpse of life during this era. Students will build content knowledge across geography, history, and other social studies strands, with content that can be leveled for a variety of learning styles, as well as below-level, above-level, and English language learners. This reader contains text features, including captions, bold print, glossary, and index to increase comprehension and academic vocabulary. A "Your Turn!" activity continues to challenge students as they extend their learning. Aligned to McREL, WIDA/TESOL, NCSS/C3 Framework, and other state standards, this text readies students for college and career readiness.

The purpose of this manual is to provide clear and helpful information for maintaining gravel roads. Very little technical help is available to small agencies that are responsible for managing these roads. Gravel road maintenance has traditionally been "more of an art than a science" and very few formal standards exist. This manual contains guidelines to help answer the questions that arise concerning gravel road maintenance such as: What is enough surface crown? What is too much? What causes corrugation? The information is as nontechnical as possible without sacrificing clear guidelines and instructions on how to do the job right.

How much further should the affluent world push its material consumption? Does relative dematerialization lead to absolute decline in demand for materials? These and many other questions are discussed and answered in Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization. Over the course of time, the modern world has become dependent on unprecedented flows of materials. Now even the most efficient production processes and the highest practical rates of recycling may not be enough to result in dematerialization rates that would be high enough to negate the rising demand for materials generated by continuing population growth and rising standards of living. This book explores the costs of this dependence and the potential for substantial dematerialization of modern economies. Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization considers the principal materials used throughout history, from wood and stone, through to metals, alloys, plastics and silicon, describing their extraction and production as well as their dominant applications. The evolving productivities of material extraction, processing, synthesis, finishing and distribution, and the energy costs and environmental impact of rising material consumption are examined in detail. The book concludes with an outlook for the future, discussing the prospects for dematerialization and potential constrains on materials. This interdisciplinary text provides useful perspectives for readers with backgrounds including resource economics, environmental studies, energy analysis, mineral geology, industrial organization, manufacturing and material science.

Over the concluding decades of the twentieth century, the historic preservation community increasingly turned its attention to modern buildings, including bungalows from the 1930s, gas stations and diners from the 1940s, and office buildings and architectural homes from the 1950s. Conservation efforts, however, were often hampered by a lack of technical information about the products used in these structures, and to fill this gap Twentieth-Century Building Materials was developed by the U.S. Department of the Interior’s National Park Service and first published in 1995. Now, this invaluable guide is being reissued—with a new preface by the book’s original editor. With more than 250 illustrations, including a full-color photographic essay, the volume remains an indispensable reference on the history and conservation of modern building materials. Thirty-seven essays written by leading experts offer insights into the history, manufacturing processes, and uses of a wide range of materials, including glass block, aluminum, plywood, linoleum, and gypsum board. Readers will also learn about how these materials perform over time and discover valuable conservation and repair techniques. Bibliographies and sources for further research complete the volume. The book is intended for a wide range of conservation professionals including architects, engineers, conservators, and material scientists engaged in the conservation of modern buildings, as well as scholars in related disciplines.

The big stories -- The skills of the new machines : technology races ahead -- Moore's law and the second half of the chessboard -- The digitization of just about everything -- Innovation : declining or recombining? -- Artificial and human intelligence in the second machine age -- Computing bounty -- Beyond GDP -- The spread -- The biggest winners : stars and superstars -- Implications of the bounty and the spread -- Learning to race with machines : recommendations for individuals -- Policy recommendations -- Long-term recommendations -- Technology and the future (which is very different from "technology is the future").