This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference of B and Z Users, ZB 2002, held in Grenoble, France in January 2002. The 24 papers presented together with three invited contributions were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. The book documents the recent advances for the Z formal specification notion and for the B method; the full scope is covered, ranging from foundational and theoretical issues to advanced applications, tools, and case studies.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference of Z and B users, ZB 2005, held in Guildford, UK in April 2005. The 25 revised full papers presented together with extended abstracts of 2 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. The papers document the recent advances for the Z formal specification notation and for the B method, ranging from foundational, theoretical, and methodological issues to advanced applications, tools, and case studies.

Refinement is one of the cornerstones of the formal approach to software engineering, and its use in various domains has led to research on new applications and generalisation. This book brings together this important research in one volume, with the addition of examples drawn from different application areas. It covers four main themes: Data refinement and its application to Z Generalisations of refinement that change the interface and atomicity of operations Refinement in Object-Z Modelling state and behaviour by combining Object-Z with CSP Refinement in Z and Object-Z: Foundations and Advanced Applications provides an invaluable overview of recent research for academic and industrial researchers, lecturers teaching formal specification and development, industrial practitioners using formal methods in their work, and postgraduate and advanced undergraduate students. This second edition is a comprehensive update to the first and includes the following new material: Early chapters have been extended to also include trace refinement, based directly on partial relations rather than through totalisation Provides an updated discussion on divergence, non-atomic refinements and approximate refinement Includes a discussion of the differing semantics of operations and outputs and how they affect the abstraction of models written using Object-Z and CSP Presents a fuller account of the relationship between relational refinement and various models of refinement in CSP Bibliographic notes at the end of each chapter have been extended with the most up to date citations and research

"This book addresses the development of reconfigurable embedded control systems and describes various problems in this important research area, which include static and dynamic (manual or automatic) reconfigurations, multi-agent architectures, modeling and verification, component-based approaches, architecture description languages, distributed reconfigurable architectures, real-time and low power scheduling, execution models, and the implementation of such systems"--

Largeandcomplexsoftwaresystemsprovidethenecessaryinfrastuctureinall- dustries today. In order to construct such large systems in a systematic manner, the focus in the development methodologies has switched in the last two decades from functional issues to structural issues: both data and functions are enc- sulated into software units that are integrated into large systems by means of various techniques supporting reusability and modi?ability. This encapsulation principleisessentialtoboththeobject-orientedandthemorerecentcompone- based sofware engineering paradigms. Formalmethodshavebeenappliedsuccessfullytotheveri?cationofmedi- sized programs in protocol and hardware design. However, their application to large systems requires the further development of speci?cation and veri?cation techniques supporting the concepts of reusability and modi?ability. In order to bring together researchers and practioners in the areas of so- ware engineering and formal methods, we organized the 1st International S- posium on Formal Methods for Components and Objects (FMCO) in Leiden, The Netherlands, November 5–8, 2002. The program consisted of invited tu- rials and more technical presentations given by leading experts in the ?elds of Theoretical Computer Science and Software Engineering. The symposium was attended by more than 100 people. This volume contains the contributions of the invited speakers to FMCO 2002. We believe that the presented material provides a unique combination of ideas on software engineering and formal methods which we hope will be an inspiration for those aiming at further bridging the gap between the theory and practice of software engineering.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed postproceedings of the First International Colloquium on Theoretical Aspects of Computing, ICTAC 2004. The 34 revised full papers presented together with 4 invited contributions were carefully selected from 111 submissions during two rounds of reviewing and improvement. The papers are organized in topical sections on concurrent and distributed systems, model integration and theory unification, program reasoning and testing, verification, theories of programming and programming languages, real-time and co-design, and automata theory and logics.

The fourth conference in the series of international meetings on Integrated F- mal Methods, IFM, was held in Canterbury, UK, 4–7 April 2004. The conference was organized by the Computing Laboratory at the University of Kent, whose main campus is just outside the ancient town of Canterbury, part of the county of Kent. Kent is situated in the southeast of England, and the university sits on a hill overlooking the city of Canterbury and its world-renowned cathedral. The UniversityofKentwasgranteditsRoyalCharterin1965.Todaytherearealmost 10,000 full-time and part-time students, with over 110 nationalities represented. The IFM meetings have proven to be particularly successful. The ?rst m- ting was held in York in 1999, and subsequently we held events in Germany in 2000, and then Finland in 2002. The conferences are held every 18 months or so, and attract a wide range of participants from Europe, the Americas, Asia and Australia. The conference is now ?rmly part of the formal methods conference calendar. The conference has also evolved in terms of themes and subjects - presented, and this year, in line with the subject as a whole, we saw more work on veri?cation as some of the challenges in this subject are being met. The work reported at IFM conferences can be seen as part of the attempt to manage complexity by combining paradigms of speci?cation and design, so that the most appropriate design tools are used at di?erent points in the life-cycle.