Of the many direct and indirect methods for road use, the key alternatives for reducing road congestion are (1) cordon pricing using manual tollbooths, (2) supplementary vehicle licensing, (3) automatic vehicle identification, and (4) smart card technology.

This study provides evidence on the role of faith-inspired, private secular, and public schools in Africa using nationally representative household surveys as well as qualitative data. The study focuses on a comparative assessment of market share, reach to the poor, cost for households, and satisfaction of households with the services received.