Child abuse can take the form of physical cruelty, neglect, or emotional or sexual abuse.  Abuse-related craniocerebral trauma or non-accidental head injury (NAHI) accounts for only a small proportion of all child abuse, but is conspicuously over-represented in the first year of life. NAHI is the most frequent non-natural cause of death in infancy, and the most common cause of death overall between the ages of 6 and 12 months. The clinical spectrum ranges from trivial bruising to severe trauma with fatal outcome. The shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is a common form of NAHI in which the victim is held by the torso or the extremities and violently shaken, causing abrupt uncontrolled head movements with a marked rotatory component. Clinically, SBS is characterized by signs of severe diffuse cerebral trauma, i.e., acute encephalopathy, subdural hemorrhage, and retinal hemorrhage, occasionally accompanied by various combinations of metaphyseal fractures or rib fractures. The explanation provided for the injuries is frequently inadequate or inconsistent. Recent, sometimes emotionally tinged scientific controversy over the diagnostic value of subdural hemorrhage in infants has further increased the uncertainty. Against the backdrop of recent well-publicized cases of fatal child abuse, an attempt has been made in this Booklet to depict the current state of knowledge on Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS), to review the scientific literature and summarize the recommendation of national and international expert panels. …Dr. H. K. Saboowala. M.B.(Bom) .M.R.S.H.(London)

Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) has become a leading issue for those who are involved with the evaluation of an response to child maltreatment.

Combining informative, meticulously crafted prose with more than 4,000 high-quality images, Osborn's Brain, third edition, is a comprehensive, easy to understand, and visually stunning learning curriculum from highly esteemed author Dr. Anne G. Osborn. This fully revised edition provides a solid framework for understanding the complex subject of brain imaging, integrating relevant information from Dr. Osborn's entire career of accumulated knowledge, experience, and interest in neuropathology, neurosurgery, and clinical neurosciences. While neuroradiologists will find intriguing, thought-provoking insights included especially for them in every chapter, Osborn's Brain is an excellent review resource for physicians at all levels of expertise—from seasoned radiologists and neurosurgeons to new and senior residents or fellows. - Combines essential anatomy with gross pathology and imaging, clearly demonstrating why and how diseases appear the way they do and helping readers think clearly about diagnoses, types of diagnoses, and the various pathologies that can affect the brain - Guides readers through the "must know" aspects of neuroimaging and neuropathology (brain trauma, stroke, vascular lesions, etc.) before zeroing in on such topics as infections, demyelinating and inflammatory diseases, neoplasms, toxic-metabolic-degenerative disorders, and congenital brain malformations - Provides state-of-the-art coverage on such topics as new brain tumor entities, the effects of emerging viral illness such as COVID-19 on the brain, and recently delineated/named diseases (e.g., HIV-associated CD8 encephalitis) - Features more than 4,000 stunning, high-resolution radiologic images and 100+ detailed, full-color medical illustrations, all of which are annotated to describe the most clinically significant features; and includes robust, digital-only galleries that contain hundreds of additional images that further illustrate each chapter - Includes up-to-date nomenclature based on the 5th edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors, Central Nervous System, including a complete revision, expansion, and updating of CNS neoplasms with new entities, revised grading criteria, diagnostic molecular pathology, and nomenclature - Contains Dr. Osborn's trademark summary boxes for a quick review of essential facts, signature graphics with additional radiological and pathologic correlations, and up-to-the-minute literature references - Includes an eBook version?that enables you to access all text, figures, and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud

Since the early 2000s, a growing body of scientific studies in neuropathology, neurology, neurosurgery, biomechanics, statistics, criminology and psychology has cast doubt on the forensic reliability of medical determinations of Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS), more recently termed Abusive Head Trauma (AHT). Studies have increasingly documented that accidental short falls and a wide range of medical conditions, can cause the same symptoms and findings associated with this syndrome. Nevertheless, inaccurate diagnoses, unrealistic confidence expression, and wrongful convictions continue to this day. Bringing together contributions from a multidisciplinary expert panel of 32 professionals across 8 countries in 16 different specialties, this landmark book tackles the highly controversial topic of SBS, which lies at the intersection of medicine, science, and law. With comprehensive coverage across multiple disciplines, it explains the scientific evidence challenging SBS and advances efforts to evaluate how deaths and serious brain injuries in infants should be analysed and investigated.

Carole Jenny's Child Abuse and Neglect: Diagnosis, Treatment and Evidence focuses attention on the clinical evidence of child abuse to help you correctly diagnose and treat such cases in your own practice. In print and online, this unique, well-illustrated clinical reference provides new insights into the presentation and differential diagnosis of physical abuse and looks at shaken baby syndrome, sex offenders, and abuse in religious organizations, information on the biomechanics of injury, and other factors. Identify an abusive injury and treat it effectively by reviewing evidence and critical analyses from leading authorities in the field. Recognize the signs of shaken baby syndrome, sex offenders, and abuse in religious organizations. Understand the biomechanics of injury to determine whether abuse was truly the cause of a child's injury. View illustrations that show first-hand examples of child abuse or neglect. Search the complete contents online and download the illustrations at www.expertconsult.com.

Annotation Elizabeth A. Kaye specializes in communications as part of her coaching and consulting practice. She has edited Requirements for Certification since the 2000-01 edition.

We live in a visual age. Images and visual artefacts shape international events and our understanding of them. Photographs, film and television influence how we view and approach phenomena as diverse as war, diplomacy, financial crises and election campaigns. Other visual fields, from art and cartoons to maps, monuments and videogames, frame how politics is perceived and enacted. Drones, satellites and surveillance cameras watch us around the clock and deliver images that are then put to political use. Add to this that new technologies now allow for a rapid distribution of still and moving images around the world. Digital media platforms, such as Twitter, YouTube, Facebook and Instagram, play an important role across the political spectrum, from terrorist recruitment drives to social justice campaigns. This book offers the first comprehensive engagement with visual global politics. Written by leading experts in numerous scholarly disciplines and presented in accessible and engaging language, Visual Global Politics is a one-stop source for students, scholars and practitioners interested in understanding the crucial and persistent role of images in today’s world.