"An exploration of depictions and use of water within Renaissance Italy, and especially in the work of polymath Leonardo da Vinci. Both a practical necessity and a powerful symbol, water presents one of the most challenging problems in visual art due to its formlessness, clarity, and mutability. In Renaissance Italy, it was a nearly inexhaustible subject of inquiry for artists, engineers, and architects alike: it represented an element to be productively harnessed and a force of untamed nature. Watermarks places the depiction and use of water within an intellectual history of early modern Italy, examining the parallel technological and aesthetic challenges of mastering water and the scientific and artistic practices that emerged in response to them. Focusing primarily on the wide-ranging work of Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)-at once an artist, scientist, and inventor-Leslie Geddes shows how the deployment of artistic media, such as ink and watercolor, closely correlated with the engineering challenges of controlling water in the natural world. For da Vinci and his peers, she argues, drawing was an essential form of visual thinking. Geddes analyses a wide range of da Vinci's subject matter, including machine drawings, water management schemes, and depictions of the natural landscape, and demonstrates how drawing-as an intellectual practice, a form of scientific investigation, and a visual representation-constituted a distinct mode of problem solving integral to his understanding of the natural environment. Throughout, Geddes draws important connections between works by da Vinci that have long been overlooked, the artistic and engineering practices of his day, and critical questions about the nature of seeing and depicting the almost unseeable during the early modern period"--

Watermarking techniques involve the concealment of information withina text or images and the transmission of this information to thereceiver with minimum distortion. This is a very new area ofresearch. The techniques will have a significant effect on defence, business, copyright protection and other fields where informationneeds to be protected at all costs from attackers.This book presents the recent advances in the theory andimplementation of watermarking techniques. It brings together, for thefirst time, the successful applications of intelligent paradigms(including comparisons with conventional methods) in many areas. Theaccompanying CD-Rom provides readers with source codes and executablesto put into practice general topics in watermarking

We are happy to present to you the proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Digital Watermarking, IWDW 2003. Since its modern re-appearance in the academic community in the early 1990s, great progress has been made in understanding both the capabilities and the weaknesses of digital watermarking. On the theoretical side, we all are now well aware of the fact that digital waterma- ing is best viewed as a form of communication using side information. In the case of digital watermarking the side information in question is the document to be wat- marked. This insight has led to a better understanding of the limits of the capacity and robustness of digital watermarking algorithms. It has also led to new and improved watermarking algorithms, both in terms of capacity and imperceptibility. Similarly, the role of human perception, and models thereof, has been greatly enhanced in the study and design of digital watermarking algorithms and systems. On the practical side, applications of watermarking are not yet abundant. The original euphoria on the role of digital watermarking in copy protection and copyright prot- tion has not resulted in widespread usage in practical systems. With hindsight, a n- ber of reasons can be given for this lack of practical applications.

Multimedia Encryption and Watermarking presents a comprehensive survey of contemporary multimedia encryption and watermarking techniques, which enable a secure exchange of multimedia intellectual property. Part I, Digital Rights Management (DRM) for Multimedia, introduces DRM concepts and models for multimedia content protection, and presents the key players. Part II, Multimedia Cryptography, provides an overview of modern cryptography, with the focus on modern image, video, speech, and audio encryption techniques. This book also provides an advanced concept of visual and audio sharing techniques. Part III, Digital Watermarking, introduces the concept of watermarking for multimedia, classifies watermarking applications, and evaluates various multimedia watermarking concepts and techniques, including digital watermarking techniques for binary images. Multimedia Encryption and Watermarking is designed for researchers and practitioners, as well as scientists and engineers who design and develop systems for the protection of digital multimedia content. This volume is also suitable as a textbook for graduate courses on multimedia security.

Digital watermarking is a key ingredient to copyright protection. It provides a solution to illegal copying of digital material and has many other useful applications such as broadcast monitoring and the recording of electronic transactions. Now, for the first time, there is a book that focuses exclusively on this exciting technology. Digital Watermarking covers the crucial research findings in the field: it explains the principles underlying digital watermarking technologies, describes the requirements that have given rise to them, and discusses the diverse ends to which these technologies are being applied. As a result, additional groundwork is laid for future developments in this field, helping the reader understand and anticipate new approaches and applications.* Emphasizes the underlying watermarking principles that are relevant for all media: images, video, and audio.* Discusses a wide variety of applications, theoretical principles, detection and embedding concepts and the key properties of digital watermarks--robustness, fidelity, data payload, and security* Examines copyright protection and many other applications, including broadcast monitoring, transaction tracking, authentication, copy control, and device control.* Presents a series of detailed examples called "Investigations" that illustrate key watermarking concepts and practices.* Includes an appendix in the book and on the web containing the source code for the examples.* Includes a comprehensive glossary of watermarking terminology

The 1st International Workshop on Digital Watermarking (IWDW), the con- rence covering all aspects of digital watermarking, was held at the Hotel Riviera situated along the beautiful Han River in Seoul, Korea from November 21 to 22, 2002. These proceedings contain 21 papers that were accepted for presentation at the conference. These papers were selected from 67 submissions including 3 invited papers. They went through a thorough review process by the Program Committee and were selected on the basis of excellence and novelty. The following is a brief description of the history of this conference and - viewing process: In August 2001 some members of the Special Interest Group on Multimedia Protection (SIGMP) of the Korea Institute of Information Security and Cryptology (KIISC) agreed to create the IWDW. In November 2001 we set up a Program Committee and solicited papers while asking Springer-Verlag to publish the proceedings of the workshop in their Lecture Notes in Computer Science series. In July 2002 we received 64 submissions from 14 countries using Microsoft’s conference management site (http://cmt. research. microsoft. com/ iwdw2002/). Each submission was assigned a number automatically by the c- ference management tool and the paper was sent to the Program Committee members for their review. We also encouraged di?erent sets of experts to join for fair reviews.