William Montgomery McGovern was an American adventurer, anthropologist and journalist. He was possibly an inspiration for the character of Indiana Jones. McGovern claims he had to sneak into the Tibet disguised as a local porter. As Time reported in 1938: With a few Tibetan servants, he climbed through the wild, snowy passes of the Himalayas. There, in the bitter cold, he stood naked while a companion covered his body with brown stain, squirted lemon juice into his blue eyes to darken them. Thus disguised as a coolie, he arrived in the Forbidden City without being detected, but disclosed himself to the civilian officials. A fanatical mob led by Buddhist monks stoned his house. Bill McGovern slipped out through a back door and joined the mob in throwing stones. The civil government took him into protective custody, finally sent him back to India with an escort.--Wikipedia.

In 1959 the Dalai Lama emerged in India, where he set up his government in exile. Soon after he left Lhasa the Chinese People's Liberation Army pummeled the city in the "Battle of Lhasa." The Tibetans were forced to capitulate, putting Mao in a position to impose Communist rule over Tibet

In October 1943 a small group of Mongolian pilgrims set off westward from Inner Mongolia. Before them lay a confused battleground where the Japanese and rival armies of Chinese and Mongolians fought over the fate of Central Asia. Among the pilgrims was a young monk named Dawa Sangpo beginning what was probably the greatest travel adventure undertaken by anyone of his nationality in this century; for he was not Mongolian at all, but an enterprising Japanese named Hisao Kimura.

Topophilia and Topophobia' offers timely reflections on the human habitat in the 20th century. The expression of topophilia and topophobia belong to our time, an ambivalence between the love and aversion for a place has been a recurrant paradox in human history

The remarkable true story of the miraculous journey that made the Dalai Lama into the man he is today and sparked the fight for Tibetan freedom “A hair-raising tale of daring and escape.”—The Washington Post In the early weeks of 1959, a bloody uprising gripped the streets of the Tibetan capital of Lhasa as ragtag Tibetan rebels faced off against their Communist Chinese occupiers. Realizing that the impending battle would result in a bloodbath and his own capture, the young Dalai Lama began planning an audacious escape to India, a two-week journey that would involve numerous near-death encounters, a dangerous mountain crossing, and evading thousands of Chinese soldiers who were intent on hunting him down. The journey would transform this naïve young man into one of the world’s greatest statesmen . . . and create an enduring beacon of hope for a nation. Emotionally powerful and irresistibly page-turning, Escape from the Land of Snows is simultaneously a portrait of the inhabitants of a spiritual nation forced to take up arms in defense of their ideals, and the saga of a burgeoning leader who was ultimately transformed into the towering figure the world knows today—a charismatic champion of free thinking and universal compassion.