Unpacks key assumptions about the 'environment', its relationship with violent conflict, and the justification for its protection underlying international law.

Khadduri presents a lucid analysis of classical Islamic doctrine concerning war and peace and its adaptation to modern conditions. Working primarily with original Muslim sources, he examines the nature of the Islamic state, Islamic law and the influence of Western law.Other chapters consider classical Muslim attitudes toward foreign policy, international trade, warfare, treaties and how these have developed during the twentieth century. Majid Khadduri [1909-2007] was a Professor of Middle East Studies at the School of Advanced International Studies of The Johns Hopkins University and Director of Research and Education at the Middle East Institute in Washington, D. C. He was the author of several books in English and Arabic on Middle Eastern affairs. Contents: Fundamental Concepts of Muslim Law I Theory of the State II Nature and Sources of Law III The Muslim Law of Nations The Law of War IV Introduction V The Doctrine of the Jihad VI Types of Jihad VII Military Methods VIII The Initiation of War IX Land Warfare X Maritime Warfare XI Spoils of War XII Termination of Fighting The Law of Peace XIII Introduction XIV Jurisdiction XV Foreigners in Muslim Territory: Harbis and Musta'mins XVI Muslims in Non-Muslim Territory XVII Status of the Dhimmis XVIII Treaties XIX Commercial Relations XX Arbitration XXI Diplomacy XXII Neutrality XXIII Epilogue Glossary of Terms Bibliography Index

The original CliffsNotes study guides offer expert commentary on major themes, plots, characters, literary devices, and historical background. The latest generation of titles in this series also feature glossaries and visual elements that complement the classic, familiar format.In CliffsNotes on War and Peace, you discover Leo Tolstoy's masterpiece -- an epic novel of Russian society in the early 19th century. The novel combines the personal stories of members of three prominent Russian families with the historical backdrop of Russia 's war with France .Summaries and commentaries guide you through each chapter of the novel, and critical essays help you understand the structure, themes, and technical devices used in writing the novel. Other features that help you study include A section on the life and background of Leo Tolstoy Analyses of the major characters Review questions and essay topics Classic literature or modern modern-day treasure - you'll understand it all with expert information and insight from CliffsNotes study guides.