This book investigates how urban/rural patterns provide differing conditions for living and working. The project is to read and analyse these urban/rural settlement structures and provide insight into the patterns of living and working that have formed them and possible development of a smart networked metropole that integrate the urban and rural socio-economic and physical infrastructures for the future of disused European waterways.

This book addresses myriad of issues and challenges in the field of port, maritime and hinterland development in Southeast Asia from multidisciplinary perspectives. Instead of focusing on only certain aspects of the maritime discipline, the book presents a range of different viewpoint from business and management, historical development, geography, law, and others. Although the book is made in the form of an edited book, readers will benefit and gain knowledge on many important issues in the field of port, maritime and hinterland development in Southeast Asia. This book will also be beneficial to all parties in this area, including policy and decision makers, government officials, port authorities, port operators or terminal operators, maritime-related service providers such as freight forwarders in port, ship agents, navigation officers, customs brokers, stevedores and other port users, shippers, passengers, and carriers. This book is also catered for those involved in maritime research or students who take maritime subject, or to the public who are interested in maritime issues. The contributors of this book are experts from diverse backgrounds with extensive experience in the fields of port, maritime and hinterland development. This is because we believe that maritime studies are intertwined with many aspects of life from environmental management to disputes at the sea, which will affect the maritime trade industry. Hence, issues in this book are also various. However, the emphasis is on the development of port, maritime and hinterland sector in Southeast Asia.

This book examines the various economic, political and developmental policy challenges that Malaysia faces in her shift from a middle income to high-income economy. This issue is of great interest to academics, policy makers and development practitioners in the developing world, particularly in middle-income economies where there is a widespread concern about the challenges of managing such a transition. Malaysia is one of the developing world's greatest success stories. The book argues that as one of the developing world's most open economies, with a reputation for prudent macroeconomic management, Malaysia has achieved consistent growth since independence. It has moved from a largely resource-based economy to a multinational-led, export-oriented, industrial economy. Despite this success, Malaysia, like other developing countries, is currently at a crossroads in its development strategy; it is in danger of being unable to graduate to the level of more advanced economies - such as Korea, Taiwan and Singapore - but with the basis of its success at risk from competition from efficient, lower-wage countries - such as China, India and Vietnam. Moreover, there are new threats to the political stability and affirmative action programmes which have successfully held together a very racially diverse population.

Malaysia’s natural resources and its well-educated population are some of the many credentials that keep the country in good stead, with priorities centred on preparing for the ASEAN Economic Community in 2015 and steering the policy framework toward more inclusive political representation. The economy is built around global trade, and the government is working to encourage greater private investment. Malaysia's GDP per capita is the highest in South-east Asia, with the exception of smaller countries like Singapore and Brunei Darussalam, $ reaching 10,548 in 2013 based on a GDP of $ 307.25bn and a population of almost 30m. The country produces 39% of the world's palm oil and 44% of its exports, and Increasing global demand for the commodity Bodes well for the industry. Malaysia has seen its stock rise in the World was Bank's Annual " the Ease of Doing Business" report, moving up to 6th position in 2014 from 8th the previous year. 's Avatar Recent times have seen the Government push hard for a Greater role for the : private sector in the country's development, with the various Government Programmes aiming to boost Transparency, accountability and Sustainable Growth. The overall aim of these plans is to elevate Malaysia to become a high -income country by 2020.