In October I873, as every Conference Report recalls, the Associ ation for the Reform and Codification of the Law of Nations was founded in Brussels (Belgium). At the Brussels Conference of I895 the Association's name was changed and ever since it has been "The International Law Association". On August 30 and 3I and September I, I973, a Centenary Cele bration will be held in the Association's place of birth. In the course of preparations made for this triduum, plans were also laid by the Executive Council for a Centenary Volume to mark the event. The formula adopted for the book was mostly based on contributions by Chairmen and/or Rapporteurs of International Committees of the Association who were asked to shed light on "the present state" of their subject. Hence the title of the Volume. For good measure, vari ous other topics not coming under the terms of reference of Inter national Committees were added. Almost all of the authors invited responded favourably, and their studies are to be found in Part II, arranged in sections which have no other justification than the Editor's whim. It should be pointed out that Chairmen and/or Rapporteurs of International Committees wrote their articles a titre personnel and, therefore, cannot be deemed to express opinions held by their Com mittees as such. Part I contains the "other essays", dealing with the Association itself rather than with the present state of international law.

Excerpt from Essays on Some Disputed Questions in Modern: International Law Expedition of 1882, refers in eulogistic terms to the ably planned and well executed operations whereby our fleet seized the Suez Canal. He then adds, The inference to Americans is obvious, that the neutrality of any canal joining the waters of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans will be maintained, if at all, by the nation which can place and keep the strongest Ships at each extremity. No doubt the gallant Commander is right, so far as physical force is concerned; but, with regard to the legal aspect of the case, I have contended that all the states interested in the canal must concur in its neutralization, before the status of neutrality can be conferred upon it. Here again my view receives con firmation from current authority; for I see in the news papers that the International Peace and Arbitration Conference, assembled at Berne early in the present month, resolved that a guarantee of all the maritime powers was necessary in order to effect the neutralization OF interoceanic canals. I have said that the Essays are greatly amplified lectures; and this is true of all except the fifth. When I came to revise it for publication, the subject appeared so great that a treatise would be required to deal with it completely. I have therefore been content to elaborate a little more fully one or two points which were the pivots of my argument, sending the rest of the lecture to press in almost the same form as it was delivered. The more the subject is investigated, the more, I believe. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

This volume of essays addresses some of the most significant issues of contemporary international law. It particularly focuses on questions relating to international humanitarian law, the law of the sea, human rights, the use of force, international environmental law, and the settlement of international disputes. Recent developments in some other issues of international law such as State immunity and State responsibility are also dealt with. The Work contains a number of articles in French and is offered as a tribute to the prominent Iranian Professor of International Law, Djamchid Momtaz, on the occasion of his 75th birthday.

The present collection of essays for Martti Koskenniemi provides a wide-ranging overview of the state of Nordic international legal scholarship. In addition to the more theoretical discussions, it engages with a variety of current debates (such as the war on terrorism, the criminalization of international law and the position of human rights in the European Union, for example). The collection, with a mixture of academics and practitioners, will prove useful to scholars in international law, international relations and related disciplines, as well as officials of states and international organizations.