This unique book provides the optics designer and user with the latest advances on materials used as optical elements in systems and devices—in one convenient volume. Presenting fundamental performance requirements, basic characteristics, principles of fabrication, possibilities for new or modified optical materials, and key characterization data, this outstanding source facilitates optical materials selection and application. Comprehensive and thorough, this reference offers a broad review of old and new optical materials such as glasses, crystalline materials, plastics, and coatings... contains specific optical and characterization information useful for preliminary calculations ... and explains processes used to manufacture optical materials, giving insight into possible modifications of materials caused by process variations. Plus, this practical text includes a glossary of terms for a basic understanding, numerous illustrations for a clear perspective, and references for easy access to related material. This single-source volume is ideal for optical system/device designers and developers; design and development engineers; materials engineers; physical measurements engineers; test engineers, optics designers, and optics engineers; professional seminars; and undergraduate- and graduate-level students in optical and materials sciences courses.

In this book we attempt to summarize the present state of knowledge in the field of photoimmunology and to provide the background necessary to put this knowledge into perspective. This objective requires descriptive overviews in photobiology, immunology, and dermatology. Our hope is to facilitate interdis ciplinary communication and to stimulate interest in photoimmunology. Section I, Principles of Photoimmunology, describes (1) basic interactions between UV and visible radiation and biologic matter, (2) the optical properties of human skin, and (3) normal and abnormal responses to UV radiation. Basic principles of selected aspects of immunology and photobiology are explained. Section II, Experimental Photoimmunology, describes molecular, cellular, animal, and human studies in photoimmunology. Section III, Clinical Photo immunology, presents evidence of the involvement of photoimmunologic mechanisms in diseases of the skin and blood and examines the possible involve ment of immunologic mechanisms in therapeutic photomedicine. The funda mental principles outlined in this book should prove useful for decades to come. However, our expectation is that the experimental data will be outdated in a short period of time. The potential of photoimmunology is great enough and the serious study of photo immunology is recent enough that this should be the case. This book is dedicated to the goal of continuing rapid growth in the field of photoimmunology .

A wide-ranging review of modern spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray, photoelectron, optical and laser spectroscopy, and radiofrequency and microwave techniques. On the fundamental side the book focuses on physical principles and the impact of spectroscopy on our understanding of the building blocks of matter, while in the area of applications particular attention is given to those in chemical analysis, photochemistry, surface characterisation, environmental and medical diagnostics, remote sensing and astrophyscis. The Fourth Edition also provides the reader with an update on laser cooling and trapping, Bose-Einstein condensation, ultra-fast spectroscopy, high-power laser/matter interaction, satellite-based astronomy and spectroscopic aspects of laser medicine.