This book will show that when some countries begin using oil and gas as an instrument of exerting pressure and to realize political goals, energy security becomes synonymous with national security as well as economic security. It is within this context that the Nordic countries serve as role models and an exemplification of modern, innovative and ecofriendly solutions. This book highlights that the Nordic countries represent a very broad spectrum of competencies and techniques in the field of making use of various energy sources, which basically exhausts all the possible and currently available possibilities.

The maritime domain and sustainable energy are two critical aspects of the twenty first century which will shape the future of humanity. Although the maritime domain is inextricably interlinked with Sustainable Energy Security (SES), many aspects are discussed in isolated silos. This book aims to fill in this gap by presenting a holistic view of the maritime dimension of SES. It includes various topics such as the global energy system, energy supply chains, energy trade, shipping of energy commodities, energy markets, protection of maritime energy supply lines and the role of military in providing maritime security. It also focuses on harnessing offshore energy resources, both hydrocarbons and marine renewable energy and discusses the developments in lowering emissions from the shipping sector. The book is written for the general reader as well as students who are undergoing a course in energy systems, maritime management, naval studies and energy sustainability. The content is tailored to meet the intellectual curiosity of the inquisitive reader and introduces various specialized topics which are dealt in a simple and concise manner. It is hoped that this book would bridge the gap in the understanding of the maritime dimension of SES.

This book comprehensively tackles the challenges and solutions related to power quality and harmonics management in modern power systems. It covers many topics, beginning with the significance of maintaining power quality in the presence of distributed generation and power electronic-based technologies. It explores the impact of nonlinear loads and novel equipment on power quality and emphasizes its significance in a competitive energy environment. The book also discusses renewable-based distributed generation and hosting capacity studies. Another key focus of the book is the impact of harmonics on electrical networks. It highlights the consequences of harmonics generated by electronic devices and emphasizes the need for control and mitigation measures. The distinction between linear and nonlinear loads is explained, and fundamental indicators of electrical harmonics are discussed. The book provides insights into frequency domain models of nonlinear loads in power systems, emphasizing the importance of understanding and modeling harmonics. It also evaluates the effectiveness of active filters in mitigating power system harmonics and explores the performance efficiency of the shunt hybrid system. Furthermore, the book offers a multidisciplinary perspective on energy security in the face of climate change and growing uncertainties. It examines energy security from various angles and advocates for integrating resilience thinking into energy security policies. Finally, this book provides a foundation for understanding and addressing the challenges associated with power quality and harmonics in modern power systems, offering practical approaches and solutions to enhance system performance and reliability.

EU-Russian energy dialogue represents a policy issue that forces us to take a serious look at several crucial questions related to the present and future of Europe such as: how can the EU area ensure its future energy security when it is running out of its own energy resources and at the same time incorporating new members who are also dependent on energy imports? This book not only outlines the overall characteristics of the energy dialogue, but also illustrates the involved policy implementation challenges by paying special attention to the regional context of northern Europe. The study contributes to diverse fields such as international relations and political science, European studies, studies on energy politics, international political economy, post-Soviet politics, and literature on regionalization and regionalisms, with a special reference to northern Europe.

OILS AND FATS AS RAW MATERIALS FOR INDUSTRY This new volume emphasizes the sources, structure, chemistry, treatment, modification, and potential applications for oils and fats as raw materials in industry. Oils and fats can be used as raw materials in many industries including food and agriculture, as surfactants in laundry detergents and cosmetics, as well as in pharmaceuticals. Moreover, unsaturated vegetable oils are also suitable to form epoxides and hence, are important in the manufacturing of paints and adhesives. Limited sources of petrochemicals and their harmful effects on health and the environment also promote the use of naturally occurring oils and fats as biodiesel after some chemical modification. Moreover, a vast variety of nonedible oils that can be obtained from easily cultivable plant species are receiving great interest from researchers because they not only yield cost-effective products but are also proven as a substrate to promote sustainable research. In this book, the editors will cover all possible industrial applications of the products that are formed using edible and non-edible vegetable oils. Vegetable oils are not a new research area, although they are considered an evergreen or long-lasting topic as most of the research in synthetic chemistry has been carried out on vegetable oils.

Nataliya Esakova performs an analysis of the interdependencies and the nature of cooperation between energy producing, consuming and transit countries focusing on the gas sector. For the analysis the theoretical framework of the interdependence theory by Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye and the international regime theory are applied to the recent developments within the gas relationship between the European Union and Russia in the last decade. The objective of the analysis is to determine, whether a fundamental regime change in terms of international regime theory is taking place, and, if so, which regime change explanation model in terms of interdependence theory is likely to apply.

In 1999 the EU decided to develop its own military capacities for crisis management. This book brings together a group of experts to examine the consequences of this decision on Nordic policy establishments, as well as to shed new light on the defence and security issues that matter for Europe as a whole.