The Myōtei Dialogues is the first complete English translation one of the most important works of early Japanese Christianity. Fukansai Habian's Myōtei mondō (1605) presents a sharp critique of the three main Japanese traditions, Buddhism, Shintō, and Confucianism, followed by an explanation of the main tenets of Christianity specifically aimed at a Japanese audience. Written by a convert, it is of importance not merely because it shows us how the Christian message was presented by a Japanese to other Japanese, but also for what it reveals about the state of the three native traditions at the beginning of the seventeenth century.

The Myōtei Dialogues is the first complete English translation one of the most important works of early Japanese Christianity. Fukansai Habian’s Myōtei mondō (1605) presents a sharp critique of the three main Japanese traditions, Buddhism, Shintō, and Confucianism, followed by an explanation of the main tenets of Christianity specifically aimed at a Japanese audience. Written by a convert, it is of importance not merely because it shows us how the Christian message was presented by a Japanese to other Japanese, but also for what it reveals about the state of the three native traditions at the beginning of the seventeenth century.

The volume explores the relationship between religion and violence in Europe from the Middle Ages to the Early modern period, involving European and Japanese scholars. It investigates the ideological foundations of the relationship between violence and religion and their development in a varied corpus of sources (political and theological treatises, correspondence of missionaries, pamphlets, and images).

Asia is by far the largest continent in the world. The global expansion of the church, which emanated from the Middle East (as explored in the first book in the series) moved along various routes to take root in Asia proper. Christianity in Asia is extraordinarily diverse, with very ancient forms of the faith dating to the time of the apostles. The western church will be enlightened by the dynamic, multi-pronged Asian story of Christianity. Asian Christianity is also distinct due to the numerous non-traditional, house, or cell movements found throughout the region. The diversity of Christianity in Asia makes Christians in this region critical for the future of global Christianity.

'George Elison's exuberant style, his amazing polyglot skills, and his overwhelming erudition make for fascinating reading. I believe this work will be accepted as a major contribution not just to this phase of history in Japan and the history o the Christian church but also other broader and very up-to-date problems of the meeting of cultures.'

Illustrations: 16 B/w Illustrations Description: This book is of a historical Nature and is intended to give readers a faithful Account of the historical development of Zen Buddhism. However Zen is not merely of historical interest; it has Importance for the present day. History reveals the form and leads to the essence of things. In historical Research we are guided by the Things themselves, and we try to comprehend their response and their teaching. The object of the book is to put the reader into a close contact with Zen as possible to elucidate its inner form from History and make its living Values apparent. Contents Preface I. THE MYSTICAL ELEMENT IN EARLY Buddhism AND HIHAYANA : 1. Buddhism and Mysticism 2. Shakyamuni, the Enlightened One 3. Hinayanist Meditative Exercises 4. Nirvana as the God of the Mystic Way II. Mysticism WITHIN Mahayana : 1. Perception of Life and Mysticism 2. The Beginnings of Mahayana 3. The Bodhisattva Ideal 4. Buddhoiogy and Nirvana III. THE MAHAYANA SUTRAS AND Zen : 1. The Position of Zen in Intellectual History 2. Prajnaparamita - Transcendental Wisdom 3. Religious Cosmotheism in the Avatamsaka Sutras 4. The Vimalikirti Sutra - The Way of Enlightenment for All 5. The Psychological View of the Process of Enlightenment in the Lankavatara Sutra IV. THE ANTICIPATION OF ZEN IN Chinese BUDDHISM : 1. The Historical Understanding of Zen 2. The Introduction of Buddhist Meditation into China 3. Kumarajiva and Buddhabhadra 4. Wisdom Not Being Knowledge 5. The Suddenness of Enlightenment V. ZEN PATRIARCHS OF THE EARLY PERIOD : 1. Bodhidharma 2. Disciples and Followers 3. Schisms and Oppositions VI. THE HIGH PERIOD OF CHINESE ZEN : 1. The Sixth Patriarch 2. To See into One's Nature and Become a Buddha 3. Zen Masters of the T'ang Period 4. The Monastic Life VII. PECULIARITIES OF THE FIVE HOUSES : 1. The Circular Figures (Wei-yang Sect) 2. The Pass of a Single Word (Yiin-men Sect) 3. The Interpenetration of the Attributes of Being (Fa-yen Sect) 4. The Five Ranks (Ts'ao-tung Sect) 5. Shouting and Beating (Lin-chi Sect) VIII. SPREAD AND METHODOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT DUNNG THE SUNG PERIOD : 1. Zen and the Spirit of the Age 2. The Rise of the Koan in the Lin-chi Sect 3. The Psychological Structure of the Koan 4. The Two Main Streams of Zen IX. THE TRANSPLANTING OF ZEN TO Japan : 1. Preliminary Developments 2. Eisai 3. The Flowering of Rinzai Zen in the Kamakura Period X. THE ZEN MASTER DOGEN : 1. His Life and Work 2. Zazen 3. Religious Metaphysics XI. THE Cultural INFLUENCE OF ZEN IN THE MUROMACHI PERIOD : 1. The Spread of Zen Under the Rule of the Ashikaga 2. Approaches to the People 3. The Unfolding in Japanese Culture XII. THE FIRST ENCOUNTER BETWEEN ZEN AND Christianity : 1. Friendly and Hostile Contacts 2. Doctrinal Disputes 3. Cultural Adaptations and Influences 4. The Christian Daimyo and the Way of Tea XIII. ZEN IN THE MODERN JAPANESE AGE : 1. The Obaku Sect 2. Renewal of Zen 3. Basho and Zen's Love of Nature XIV. THE ZEN MYSTICISM OF HAKUIN : 1. Life and Work 2. Mystical Experiences 3. The Great Doubt and the Great Enlightenment 4. Zen Sickness 5. Personality and the Japanese Character XV. THE ESSENCE OF ZEN : 1. History and Form 2. The Experience of Satori 3. The Psychological Interpretation of Satori 4. Natural Mysticism

A unique, wide-ranging volume exploring the historical, religious, cultural, political, and social aspects of Christian martyrdom Although a well-studied and researched topic in early Christianity, martyrdom had become a relatively neglected subject of scholarship by the latter half of the 20th century. However, in the years following the attack on the Twin Towers on September 11, 2001, the study of martyrdom has experienced a remarkable resurgence. Heightened cultural, religious, and political debates about Islamic martyrdom have, in a large part, prompted increased interest in the role of martyrdom in the Christian tradition. The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Christian Martyrdom is a comprehensive examination of the phenomenon from its beginnings to its role in the present day. This timely volume presents essays written by 30 prominent scholars that explore the fundamental concepts, key questions, and contemporary debates surrounding martyrdom in Christianity. Broad in scope, this volume explores topics ranging from the origins, influences, and theology of martyrdom in the early church, with particular emphasis placed on the Martyr Acts, to contemporary issues of gender, identity construction, and the place of martyrdom in the modern church. Essays address the role of martyrdom after the establishment of Christendom, especially its crucial contribution during and after the Reformation period in the development of Christian and European national-building, as well as its role in forming Christian identities in Asia, Africa, and the Americas. This important contribution to Christian scholarship: Offers the first comprehensive reference work to examine the topic of martyrdom throughout Christian history Includes an exploration of martyrdom and its links to traditions in Judaism and Islam Covers extensive geographical zones, time periods, and perspectives Provides topical commentary on Islamic martyrdom and its parallels to the Christian church Discusses hotly debated topics such as the extent of the Roman persecution of early Christians The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Christian Martyrdom is an invaluable resource for scholars and students of religious studies, theology, and Christian history, as well as readers with interest in the topic of Christian martyrdom.