We’re pleased to welcome you to the Department of Political Science at the University of Bari “Aldo Moro” for the 7th Migration Conference. The conference is the largest scholarly gathering on migration with a global scope. Human mobility, economics, work, employment, integration, insecurity, diversity and minorities, as well as spatial patterns, culture, arts and legal and political aspects appear to be key areas in the current migration debates and research. Throughout the program of the Migration Conference you will find various key thematic areas covered in 598 presentations by 767 contributors coming from all around the world, from Australia to Canada, China to Colombia, Brazil to Korea, and South Africa to Norway. We are proud to bring together experts from universities, independent research organisations, governments, NGOs and the media. We are also proud to bring you opportunities to meet with some of the leading scholars in the field. This year invited speakers include Fiona B. Adamson, Markus Kotzur, Philip L. Martin, Karsten Paerregaard, Ferruccio Pastore, Martin Ruhs, Jeffrey H. Cohen, and Carlos Vargas Silva. Although the main language of the conference is English, this year we will have linguistic diversity as usual and there will be presentations in French, Italian, Spanish and Turkish. We have maintained over the years a frank and friendly environment where constructive criticism foster scholarship, while being nice improves networks and quality of the event. We hope to continue with this tradition and you will enjoy the Conference and Bari during your stay. We thank all participants, invited speakers and conference committees for their efforts and contribution. We also thank many colleagues who were interested in and submitted abstracts but could not make it this year. We are particularly grateful to hundreds of colleagues who served as reviewers and helped the selection process. We also thank to those colleagues who organised panels and agreed to chair parallel sessions over three days. We reserve our final thanks to the team of volunteers whose contributions have been essential to the success of the conference. In this regard, special thanks are reserved for our volunteers and team leaders Rosa, Alda, Franco, and Aldo from the University of Bari, Tuncay and Fatma from Regent’s University London, Fethiye from Namik Kemal University and Vildan from Galatasaray University, Ege from Middle East Technical University, Mehari from Regent’s University London, and Gizem from Transnational Press London. Our final thanks are reserved for the leaders of the University of Bari “Aldo Moro” and the Department of Political Science, President of Puglia Regional Administration and Mayor of City of Bari for hosting the Conference and for their generous support in enriching the Conference programme. Please do not hesitate to get in touch with us through the conference email ([email protected]). Ibrahim Sirkeci and Michela C. Pellicani The Migration Conference Chairs The Migration Conference 2019 The Migration Conference is a global venue for academics, policy makers, practitioners, students and everybody who is interested in intelligent debate and research informed discussions on human mobility and its impacts around the world. The Migration Conference 2019 is the 7th conference in the series and co-organised and hosted by the University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Italy and Transnational Press London. The Migration Conferences were launched at the Regent’s Centre for Transnational Studies in 2012 when the first large scale well attended international peer-reviewed conference with a focus on Turkish migration in Europe in Regent’s Park campus of Regent’s University London. The migration conferences have been attended by thousands of participants coming from all around the world in London (2012), London (2014), Prague (2015), Vienna (2016), Athens (2017), Lisbon (2018), and Bari (2019).

This is a compilation of the abstracts of papers presented at the Migration Conference 2021. Please visit migrationconference.net for more details.

This is a collection of self-selected papers presented at The Migration Conference 2021 London. COVID-19 pandemic and ongoing restrictions and difficulties in international travel forced us to run the TMC online for a second time. It is a new and improving experience for most of us and there is strong hints that the conference will continue in hybrid form in the near future. As usual we have invited participants to submit 2000 words papers for the proceedings book and this volume brings you these papers. Topics covered in the volume includes gender, education, mass movements, refugees, religion, identity, migration policy, culture, diplomacy, remittances, climate, water, environment and pretty much everything about migration. Most of the papers are in English, but there are some in French, Spanish and Turkish too. This is a great book for those who want short accounts on all aspects of migration and refugees.

This is the book of abstracts for the Migration Conference 2020, 8 to 11 September. We’re pleased to welcome you to the 8th Migration Conference. The Migration Conference 2020 is held online via Microsoft Teams platform due to COVID-19 Pandemic restrictions. We have as usual covering a wide array of topics in this year’s edition too. There are about 350 presentations and debates running over 4 days from 8th to 11th September 2020. We have tried to address the time zone differences by moving sessions towards mid-day and grouping presentations, where possible, according to time zones. However, we believe this is not perfect to accommodate hundreds of colleagues from Brazil to Japan, and Australia to Canada. PLEASE NOTE all times are GMT+1 British Summer Time (BST). MS Teams will normally show the times according to your computers local time. Our all-women keynote speakers line up this year features Nissa Finney, Jelena Dzankic, Martina Cvajner, Elli Heikkila, Agnes Igoye, and Helén Nilsson. Although the main language of the conference is English, this year we will have linguistic diversity as usual and there will also be some sessions in Spanish and Turkish. We thank all participants, invited speakers and conference committees for their efforts and contribution. We are particularly grateful to hundreds of colleagues who served as reviewers and helped the selection process.

This Collection of abstracts is devoted to exploring migration and gender problems worldwide during the 1st International Conference on Migration and Gender Issues (2021 COMAGI). Among the problems that have been explored during the conference, were issues of human capital, social Inequalities, gender-specific consumption patterns, behavioural insights, gender quotas, labour migration, gender policy, local governments, physically challenged women, women’s emigration, etc. Organizers of the 2021 COMAGI: 9 The Scientific Committee of the 2021 COMAGI. 10 Acknowledgement 12 About the Collection. 13 Award for Research Leadership. 13 2021 COMAGI Programme. 14 Session – 1: Introductory session. 14 Session – 2: Plenary session. 15 Session on migration and gender issues. 18 Day-1 Session 1. Introductory session. 23 Introductory Speech by the Guest of Honour 23 Dr. Sergii Kholod Significance of the 1st International Conference on Migration and Gender Issues (2021 COMAGI) for scholars in migration and gender studies. 27 Adj. Prof. Dr. Elli Heikkilä Day-1 Session 2. Plenary session. 30 Fully used human capital? Economic integration of immigrants and challenges in Finland. 30 Adj. Prof. Dr. Elli Heikkilä Importance of Migration and Gender Studies for Humanity and the Scientific World in Particular 33 Dr. Oksana Koshulko Gender and Migration: Perspectives on Social Inequalities. 36 Prof. Dr. Ramona Mihaila From ‘Gastarbeiter’ to ‘Misafir’: The Experience of German and Turkish ‘Hospitality’ in Migration. 39 Dr. Tulay Atay and Dr. Aysun Yaşar Gender-specific consumption patterns, behavioral insights, and circular economy in the Republic of Moldova. 43 Dr. Corina Gribincea Engendering Rural Local Governance in India through Gender Quota: Where the Shoe Pinches. 46 Prof. Dr. Prabhat Kumar Datta Autonomous migration among married Muslim women: an engendered perspective of conjugal dynamics in the Republic of Niger 50 Dr. Paula Morgado Ukrainian labour migration: the phone calls experiment 54 Prof. Dr. Oleksandr Dluhopolskyi Is There Equality for All Patients? The Importance of Providing Accessible Healthcare. 56 Dr. Michelle Blakely All Migration is Gendered. 60 Prof. Dr. Jeffrey H. Cohen and Frances S. Sutton Day-2. Session on Migration and Gender Issues. 61 Gender Policy in Local Governments: How to improve development road?. 61 Galyna Fesenko and Tetiana Fesenko Breaking the Pattern - Multivocal reflections by Polish women on the experience of migration to the UK post-2004. 63 Sabina Fiebig Lord Marriage of Physically Challenged Women: Status and Issues. 65 Priti Diliprao Pohekar Evaporated War Brides at the heart of political issues of the Liberation: repatriation to France of East-European forced women laborers in Germany (1945). 67 Prempain Laurence Linguistic analysis of literary narratives: a different approach to the study of women’s emigration from Ukraine. 68 Olena Hlazkova Body or Face: Truth or Truce. Iranian Actresses Costumes in Domestic and Abroad Film Festivals. 70 Majid Parvanehpour Does marriage matter? Same-sex marriage legalisation and household well-being in the USA.. 72 Hina Amber and Yauheniya Shershunovich Women in politics, bureaucratic quality, and corruption in sub-Saharan Africa. 75 George Babington Amegavi Child Trafficking: Initiatives of Intervention. 77 Vipin Kumar Mishra and Ananya Mishra Do challenges pave the way to success for women scientists?. 79 Sherin Saheera Talk of Women empowerment 81 Dr. Reena Kumari Women’s Political Empowerment in Poland and Ukraine: Comparative Characteristics and Prospects. 83 Dr. Oksana Koshulko The construe of gender equality in employment perquisites with reference to GCC nations, Sweden and India. 84 Ms. Aksa Sam and Dr. Meera Rajeev Kumar Problems of Gender inequality in Ukraine. 87 Dr. Evgenia Makazan The concealed issues and challenges submerging the concept of marriage - an eye-opener for the present and future generations. 91 Dr. Meera Rajeev Kumar Poetics of Advocacy: Womanhood and Feminist Identity in Patricia Jabbeh Wesley’s Where the Road Turns. 93 Bartholomew Chizoba Akpah The impact of labor migration on dollarization in Ukraine. 95 Prof. Dr. Oleksandr Dluhopolskyi and Anna Baranets Gender-based differences in priorities and willingness to pursue agriculture among labor migrant’s families: a case of Parbat, Nepal 98 Benju Dhakal and Mahesh Jaishi Causes and Implications of Etsuko’s Pidgin Identity in A Pale View of Hills. 100 Amalia Călinescu Vulnerability Assessment of Development Induced Displacement Community in Lucknow District of Uttar Pradesh India. 102 Alka Singh Exploring the Experiences of Kurdish Refugees in Finland. 104 Afrouz Zibaei Women in the politics of Kerala and West Bengal 106 Krishna Roy Migration in Punjab: A Review.. 108 Parvinder Singh Challenges and opportunities of reverse migration during Covid-19: A study of Uttarakhand, India. 110 Prof. Prakash Chand Kandpal

This is the first volume of the Proceedings of The Migration Conference 2020. The Migration Conference 2020 was held online due to COVID-19 Pandemic and yet, in over 80 parallel sessions and plenaries key migration debates saw nearly 500 experts from around the world engaging. This collection contains contributions mainly dealing with migration and integration debates. These are only a subset of all presentations from authors who chose to submit full short papers for publication after the conference. Most of the contributions are work in progress and unedited versions. The next migration conference is going to be hosted by Ming-Ai Institute in London, UK. Looking forward to continuing the debates on human mobility after the Pandemic. | www.migrationconference.net | @migrationevent | fb.me/MigrationConference | Email: [email protected]

"This book arrives at a timely moment. The resurgence of the Black Lives Matter movement in the wake of widespread shock felt across the world over the murder of George Floyd at the hands of the police in the US has triggered a renewed concern with race equality and encouraged organisations, including universities, to reflect on what they are doing to address this issue. While we shall have to wait to see whether fine words are translated into effective actions, there is little doubt that universities are currently more willing to listen to BME voices." - Professor Andrew Pilkington, University of Northampton, UK. "Historically, CRT follows the notion that there is considerable White bias evident in education and society generally (Bimper, 2017). Studies carried out by Ladson Billings believe that there is clear marginalisation regarding students coming from a BME background and in particular, those students for whom English is not their first language (Carrera, 2019). The author further examined the start of the movement for CRT. CRT began when a small group of activists wanted to understand better race, racism and power (Allen, 2017). The first real CRT movement began by focusing their attention on issues relating to conventional civil rights and ethnic study discourses which existed. They began by really questioning the liberal order addressing equality theory, legal reasoning, rationalism and the fundamental principles of constitutional law in America (Dixon, James, & Frieson, 2018). Regardless of the fact that CRT originated from a movement within Law it did, however, move beyond that discipline. The author further established within her research that educators in the main link themselves to CRT quite holistically (Garcia & Velez, 2018). Educational theorists apply CRT quite loosely to HEIs under the guise of school discipline and hierarchy, tracking, controversies over curriculum and history, IQ and achievement testing. Educational theorists do consider and associate CRT and endeavour to use its core principles to change the social situations present in society today." Contents CHAPTER 1 - Introduction CHAPTER 2 - Critical Race Theory An Educational Construct CHAPTER 3 - Research Methodology CHAPTER 4 - Academic Attainment CHAPTER 5 - Black Minority Ethnic Experiences CHAPTER 6 - The Societal Curriculum CHAPTER 7 - Government Strategy CHAPTER 8 - Thematic Analysis CHAPTER 9 - Discussion and Theorising the Findings CHAPTER 10 - Conclusions and Recommendations