The Schwarz function originates in classical complex analysis and potential theory. Here the author presents the advantages favoring a mode of treatment which unites the subject with modern theory of distributions and partial differential equations thus bridging the gap between two-dimensional geometric and multi-dimensional analysts. Examines the Schwarz function and its relationship to recent investigations regarding inverse problems of Newtonian gravitation, free boundaries, Hele-Shaw flows and the propagation of singularities for holomorphic p.d.e.

In recent years approximation theory and the theory of orthogonal polynomials have witnessed a dramatic increase in the number of solutions of difficult and previously untouchable problems. This is due to the interaction of approximation theoretical techniques with classical potential theory (more precisely, the theory of logarithmic potentials, which is directly related to polynomials and to problems in the plane or on the real line). Most of the applications are based on an exten sion of classical logarithmic potential theory to the case when there is a weight (external field) present. The list of recent developments is quite impressive and includes: creation of the theory of non-classical orthogonal polynomials with re spect to exponential weights; the theory of orthogonal polynomials with respect to general measures with compact support; the theory of incomplete polynomials and their widespread generalizations, and the theory of multipoint Pade approximation. The new approach has produced long sought solutions for many problems; most notably, the Freud problems on the asymptotics of orthogonal polynomials with a respect to weights of the form exp(-Ixl ); the "l/9-th" conjecture on rational approximation of exp(x); and the problem of the exact asymptotic constant in the rational approximation of Ixl. One aim of the present book is to provide a self-contained introduction to the aforementioned "weighted" potential theory as well as to its numerous applications. As a side-product we shall also fully develop the classical theory of logarithmic potentials.

Higher dimensional theories have attracted much attention because they make it possible to reduce much of physics in a concise, elegant fashion that unifies the two great theories of the 20th century: Quantum Theory and Relativity. This book provides an elementary description of quantum wave equations in higher dimensions at an advanced level so as to put all current mathematical and physical concepts and techniques at the reader’s disposal. A comprehensive description of quantum wave equations in higher dimensions and their broad range of applications in quantum mechanics is provided, which complements the traditional coverage found in the existing quantum mechanics textbooks and gives scientists a fresh outlook on quantum systems in all branches of physics. In Parts I and II the basic properties of the SO(n) group are reviewed and basic theories and techniques related to wave equations in higher dimensions are introduced. Parts III and IV cover important quantum systems in the framework of non-relativistic and relativistic quantum mechanics in terms of the theories presented in Part II. In particular, the Levinson theorem and the generalized hypervirial theorem in higher dimensions, the Schrödinger equation with position-dependent mass and the Kaluza-Klein theory in higher dimensions are investigated. In this context, the dependence of the energy levels on the dimension is shown. Finally, Part V contains conclusions, outlooks and an extensive bibliography.

Introduction to fundamentals of potential functions covers the force of gravity, fields of force, potentials, harmonic functions, electric images and Green's function, sequences of harmonic functions, fundamental existence theorems, the logarithmic potential, and much more. Detailed proofs rigorously worked out. 1929 edition.

An integrated package of powerful probabilistic tools and key applications in modern mathematical data science.