Providing a course of modern topology intended for biologists and physicists, this book presents a class of results in molecular biology for which topological methods and ideas are important. These include: the large-scale conformation properties of DNA; computational methods; the structure of proteins; and other problems in molecular biology.

Today's moviegoers and critics generally consider some Hollywood products--even some blockbusters--to be legitimate works of art. But during the first half century of motion pictures very few Americans would have thought to call an American movie "art." Up through the 1950s, American movies were regarded as a form of popular, even lower-class, entertainment. By the 1960s and 1970s, however, viewers were regularly judging Hollywood films by artistic criteria previously applied only to high art forms. In Hollywood Highbrow, Shyon Baumann for the first time tells how social and cultural forces radically changed the public's perceptions of American movies just as those forces were radically changing the movies themselves. The development in the United States of an appreciation of film as an art was, Baumann shows, the product of large changes in Hollywood and American society as a whole. With the postwar rise of television, American movie audiences shrank dramatically and Hollywood responded by appealing to richer and more educated viewers. Around the same time, European ideas about the director as artist, an easing of censorship, and the development of art-house cinemas, film festivals, and the academic field of film studies encouraged the idea that some American movies--and not just European ones--deserved to be considered art.

This text discusses motivating reading comprehension covering subjects such as classroom contexts for engaged reading, scaffolding for motivation and engagement in reading, the cognitive strategies of reading comprehension and science inquiry in the CORI framework.

Adaptive hypermedia listening software enables materials writers to combine and deliver a wide range of digital elements on the same digital computer platform more efficiently. Such a combination and delivery provides a multidimensional, multi-sensory digital environment in which rich, efficient, instant, comprehensible, optimum, and meaningful input and feedback can be presented effectively and efficiently. Moreover, language learners’ attention can be drawn to forms and meanings in input. Such aspects correspond with different theories and hypotheses of language learning and teaching. This presents users/learners with an environment that is easy to use, tension-free, and optimal during self-study. However, to be able to design and develop cost effective and professional adaptive hypermedia listening software, there are certain scientific educational findings and implications that need to be implemented at every single stage. To have access to such vital findings is not so easy, and research must address this area. Design Solutions for Adaptive Hypermedia Listening Software explores how to design and create technically and pedagogically sound and efficient interactive adaptive hypermedia listening software for language learners in any language. The chapters will cover learner strategy tools, the effectiveness of this technology, best practices in adaptive hypermedia listening software, and the benefits and challenges of this technology for language learning. It is ideal for companies, institutions, teachers, policymakers, academicians, researchers, advanced-level students, technology developers, and decision-making pertinent government officials interested in designing and developing multimedia listening environments for language learners.