1861-1865, vol. 3.

First published in 1987, The Confederate Image examines the popular lithographs and engravings cherished by Southerners during and after the Civil War. These images helped sustain and revive Southern identity following the collapse of the Confedera

On the first day of July 1863, Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia accidentally crossed swords with George Gordon Meade’s federal Army of the Potomac. They clashed at a tiny Pennsylvania crossroads called Gettysburg. Three days later, at least 22,000 Confederate men and boys were dead, wounded or captured, and the Yankees held the field when the river of bloodshed finally stopped. Gettysburg was General Lee’s worst defeat on an open field of battle. In The Court Martial of Robert E. Lee, a discouraged Confederate Congress summons General Lee to Richmond in December 1863, to face a board of inquiry on the Battle of Gettysburg. Through this speculative board of inquiry, the reader is drawn into the true history of the Army of Northern Virginia and the real political personalities and true political intrigue of Richmond in 1863. Will General Lee be relieved of command? Perhaps sent into retirement borne of catastrophic failure, leaving behind forever his beloved Army of Northern Virginia? The reader feels his pain and the anguish of a defeated general who wrote four months after Gettysburg that, “My heart and thoughts will always be with this army.”

Joshua L. Chamberlain of Maine and John B. Gordon of Georgia led the Union and Confederate armies, respectively, at the formal surrender ceremony at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia, on April 12, 1865. In one of the most dramatic and memorable moments of the Civil War, as the Confederate soldiers marched through the Union lines to stack their weapons and flags, Chamberlain, moved by the historic moment and desiring to pay honor to a valiant, defeated foe, ordered his Union soldiers to salute Gordon's Confederates. Gordon, surprised but stirred by the same emotion, immediately responded, and ordered his men to return the salute. Both men had volunteered for military service, feeling a strong need to fight for their respective causes. They entered military service as low level officers with no formal military training. Repeatedly, they exhibited exceptional aptitude and responsibility, rising through the ranks as they received the glowing accolades of their superiors. Yet, they remained humble, continually demonstrating extraordinary courage, which earned them the respect of their men. Ultimately, their heroism and leadership culminated in their meeting as the commanders at the Appomattox Courthouse surrender. After the war, Chamberlain and Gordon entered politics in their respective states.

Learning from the Wounded: The Civil War and the Rise of American Medical Science

In contrast with historical examinations centring the evolving role of the war correspondent, Conflicting Images focuses on the contribution of photographers and photojournalists, providing an evaluative appraisal of war photography in the news and its development from the nineteenth century to the twenty-first century. Stuart Allan and Tom Allbeson critically explore diverse genres of war photography across a broad historical sweep, encompassing events from the Crimean War (1853–56) and the Civil War in the United States (1861–65) up to and including conflicts unfolding in Syria and Ukraine. This book reflects on the relevance of different types of warfare to visual reporting, from colonial conquest via trench warfare and aerial bombardment, to the ideological dimensions of the Cold War, and ‘embedding’ and ‘winning hearts and minds’ during the ‘War on Terror’ and its aftermath. In pinpointing illustrative examples, the authors examine changing dynamics of production, dissemination, and public engagement. Readers will come to understand how current efforts to rethink the future of war photography in a digital age can benefit from a close and careful consideration of war photography’s origins, early development, and gradual, uneven transformation over the years. Conflicting Images aims to invigorate ongoing enquires and inspire new, alternative trajectories for future research and practice. This book is recommended reading for researchers and advanced students of visual journalism and conflict reporting.